基于数值模拟的安检大厅人员火灾疏散仿真  

Simulation of Personnel Fire Evacuation in Security Inspection Halls Based on Numerical Simulation

作　　者：郑文慧 赵伶玲[1] 徐姗 尚士进 ZHENG Wen-hui;ZHAO Ling-ling;XU Shan;SHANG Shi-jin(School of Energy and Environment,Southeast university,Nanjing Jiangsu 210096;China Customs Science and Technology Research Center,Beijing 100026)

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096 [2]中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京100026

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2024年第8期557-561,共5页Computer Simulation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC0810901)。

摘　　要：为了解火灾发生时某安检大厅人员疏散情况,建立了火灾模型及人员疏散模型,通过模拟分析了火灾产物及空间熟悉度对人员疏散产生的影响。火灾模拟结果表明,对于安检大厅这类建筑,能见度是影响人员疏散的主要因素,建议加强厅内的排烟设备等消防设施。人员疏散结果表明,空间熟悉度影响人员对于出口的选择,使得初次到达该安检大厅旅客无法通过距离最近出入口进行疏散,疏散时间增加;且厅内的建筑布局也阻碍了人员疏散进程。因此,结合火灾中烟气蔓延过程和人员疏散结果,对厅内的建筑布局及人员疏散方式进行优化,疏散优化后疏散时间缩短了10%。模拟结果可为安检大厅的消防措施、建筑设计以及应急管理提供参考和借鉴。In order to understand the evacuation situation of a security inspection hall when a fire occurs,a fire model and a personnel evacuation model are established.The impact of fire products and space familiarity on personnel evacuation is simulated and analyzed.The fire simulation results show that visibility is the main factor affecting the evacuation of people for buildings such as the security inspection hall.It is suggested to strengthen the smoke exhaust equipment and other fire-fighting facilities in the hall.The evacuation result shows that the space familiarity affects the choice of exit,making it impossible for passengers arriving at the security inspection hall for the first time to evacuate through the nearest exit,and the evacuation time increases;The building layout in the hall also hinders the evacuation process.Therefore,combined with the smoke spread process and evacuation results in the fire,the building layout and evacuation methods in the hall were optimized,and the evacuation time was reduced by 10% after optimization.The simulation results can provide reference for fire control measures,architectural design and emergency management of the security inspection hall.

关 键 词：安检大厅 空间熟悉度 火灾模拟 安全疏散 

分 类 号：X956[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU242[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]