冬季非均匀增温与积雪及光周期变化对温带植被物候影响研究进展  

Progress of research on the impact of winter non-uniform warming,snow cover,and photoperiod changes on the phenology of temperate vegetation

作　　者：王笑影[1] 周玉科[2] 李荣平[1] 贾庆宇[1] 蔡福[1] 温日红[1] 谢艳兵[1] 赵先丽[1] 邹旭东[1] 汪宏宇[1] WANG Xiaoying;ZHOU Yuke;LI Rongping;JIA Qingyu;CAI Fu;WEN Rihong;XIE Yanbing;ZHAO Xianli;ZOU Xudong;WANG Hongyu(Shenyang Institute of Atmospheric Environment,China Meteorological Administration,Shenyang 110166,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110166 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2024年第8期1666-1680,共15页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0801301-1);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所和辽宁省农业气象灾害重点实验室联合开放基金项目(2023SYIAEKFZD05)。

摘　　要：气候变化速率在日尺度和季节尺度上表现出差异性,并且呈现出非均匀增温的特点。特别是在北半球中高纬度地区,夜间的升温速度超过白天,而冬季的升温速度超过夏季。准确评估非均匀增温对陆地生态系统结构和功能的影响,是全球变化研究领域一项重大挑战。论文通过文献综述,系统地分析了冬季非均匀增温、积雪变化以及光周期对春季植被物候特征的影响,同时探讨了这种影响存在的物种特异性、地理位置异质性以及季节补偿效应。研究认为,当前对非均匀增温影响的研究在观测实验能力方面存在明显不足,对光照、温度和水分耦合作用的理解和认识尚不充分,且模型模拟能力有待提高。因此,未来研究应重视开发新型观测和实验方法,例如精心设计控制实验,以深入探究温带地区光照、温度和水分对植物物候的潜在调控机制。这将有助于加强对非均匀增温影响机制的认识和理解,并将这些影响因素纳入模型模拟中,从而提升对季节性气候变化如何塑造植被动态过程的认知和理解。The rate of climate change exhibits differences at daily and seasonal scales and is characterized by non-uniform warming.Particularly in the mid to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,the rate of warming at night surpasses that during the day,and the rate of warming in winter exceeds that in summer.Accurately assessing the impact of non-uniform warming on the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems represents a significant challenge in the field of global change research.This article,through a literature review,systematically analyzed the effects of non-uniform warming in winter,changes in snow metrics,and variations in photoperiod on the phenological characteristics of spring vegetation.It also discussed factors such as species specificity,geographic location heterogeneity,and seasonal compensation effects.The research indicated that seasonal changes in temperate regions have a significant impact on vegetation phenological cycle,but existing studies have shortcomings in observation experiments,mechanism understanding,and model simulation.Although controlled experiments are helpful for studying the effects of meteorological factors on vegetation,they may not fully reflect the natural conditions.Remote sensing monitoring provides a macroscopic perspective,but its data accuracy is limited by many factors,and it is difficult to capture subtle phenological changes.Ground observations provide valuable information for climate science,but the distribution of observation sites is sparse and the data uncertainty is large.In terms of the mechanism of impact,the interactions of light,temperature,and water and their effects on phenology are not fully understood,and the carry-over lag effect between seasons is not well understood either.In terms of model simulation,it is difficult to parameterize the plant phenology model,the study of parameter thresholds is insufficient,and the influence of other biotic and abiotic factors is not fully considered.These challenges limit the accuracy of predictions of plant phen

关 键 词：非均匀增温 积雪 光周期 冬季 植被物候 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] Q948[生物学—植物学]