建筑施工企业高处坠落事故安全风险管理研究  

Study on Risk Management of Falling Accident in Construction Enterprises

作　　者：朱艳军 胡攀峰 王磊 周辉 刘亚琦 ZHU Yanjun;HU Panfeng;WANG Lei;ZHOU Hui;LIU Yaqi(China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]中建三局集团有限公司,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《安全》2024年第8期28-34,共7页Safety & Security

摘　　要：为改善建筑施工企业高处坠落事故安全风险管理的现状,提升其高处坠落事故的防控水平。首先,运用事故树分析和预先危险性分析确定导致高处坠落事故发生的主要原因;然后,利用作业条件危险性分析法筛选出具体风险因素;最后,从技术、教育、管理(3E)3个方面提出改进措施。结果显示:高处坠落事故的原因主要有脚手架、栏杆等硬件设备设施问题,防护措施不到位,人员违章作业,人员精神状态不佳等因素;设备故障和作业人员不安全行为等危险源的风险值较大,是导致事故的主要风险因素;提出的3E防控措施可以提升高处坠落事故的防控水平。In order to improve the risk management of the falling accident in construction enterprises and enhance the preven-tion and control level for falling accidents.Firstly,The accident tree analysis and preliminary hazard analysis were used to determine the main causes of falling accidents.Then,the job risk analysis was used to screen out specific risk factors.Final-ly,the improvement measures were proposed from three aspects:technology,education,and management(3E).The results show that the main causes of falling accidents are hardware equipment and facilities problems such as scaffolding and rail-ings,inadequate protective measures,personnel operating in violation of regulations,and poor mental state of personnel;the risk value of hazards such as equipment failures and unsafe behavior of workers is relatively higher,which is the main risk factor leading to accidents;and that 3E prevention and control measures can improve the risk management level for falling accidents.

关 键 词：建筑施工 高处坠落事故 事故树 预先危险性分析 作业条件危险性分析法 

分 类 号：X948[环境科学与工程—安全科学]