后疫情时代药品专利强制许可制度的中国进路——价值取向、制度框架与法律安排  

Compulsory Chinese Licensing System of Pharmaceutical Patent in the Post-pandemic Era:Value Orientation,Institutional Framework and Legal Arrangements

作　　者：张淑亚[1] 刘泓呈 ZHANG Shu-Ya;LIU Hong-Cheng(Law School,The National Police University for Criminal Justice,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中央司法警官学院法学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《长江师范学院学报》2024年第5期48-54,共7页Journal of Yangtze Normal University

基　　金：河北省社会科学发展研究课题“重大疫情背景下药品专利强制许可的适用与完善”(20220202486)。

摘　　要：重大突发公共卫生危机下保证药品供给极为重要,对药品专利实施强制许可是保障特效专利药品充足供给的有效手段。为了保证制度实施的精准性和有效性,应遵循主体性原则、公益性原则和平衡性原则,确立药品专利一般强制许可、特殊强制许可和出口强制许可3种情形的分类实施框架。在具体制度设计上,对于药品专利强制许可的申请主体和启动主体应当限定为任何单位和个人,同时应进一步明确启动事由、完善启动程序和补偿标准等多项内容,以保证重大突发公共卫生危机下该制度的有效实施。It is very important to guarantee the supply of medicine under major public health crisis.Implementing compulsory licensing for pharmaceutical patents is an effective means to ensure the adequate supply of special patented medicines.To en⁃sure the accuracy and effectiveness of the system implementation,the principle of subjectivity,the principle of public welfare and the principle of balance should be followed,and the classification framework of general compulsory license,special compul⁃sory license and export compulsory license should be established.In the specific design of the system,the subject of application and the subject of initiation for compulsory license of pharmaceutical patent should be limited to any unit or individual.Addi⁃tionally,the initiation cause,the initiation procedure and compensation standards should be further clarified,to ensure the effec⁃tive implementation of the system under major public health crises.

关 键 词：药品专利 强制许可 公众健康权 公共卫生危机 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]