Q235/304不锈钢异种钢焊接接头超声相控阵检测研究  

Study on Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection of Q235/304 Stainless Steel Dissimilar Welded Joints

作　　者：王哲 王泽湘 李权 杨庆 Wang Zhe;Wang Zexiang;Li Quan;Yang Qing(School of Automotive Application,Hunan Automotive Engineering Vocational College,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China;Hunan Communications Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410021,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南汽车工程职业学院车辆运用学院,湖南株洲412001 [2]湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司,长沙410021 [3]湖南科技大学机电工程学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第8期66-70,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ60061)。

摘　　要：异种钢焊接接头具备高强度、高耐腐蚀性以及低成本等特性,已经被广泛应用于锅炉、管道和压力容器等特种设备中。然而由于异种钢焊接接头的材料组织、力学性能以及残余应力不均匀,在制造和服役后极易出现开裂等缺陷,采用常规无损检测存在检测精度低、扫查范围小等缺点,导致缺陷难以检出。针对上述问题,以Q235/304不锈钢两种典型异种钢焊接接头为研究对象,推导了超声相控阵检测异种材料聚焦延时计算法则,制作Q235和304不锈钢焊接试块,并利用汕超SUPOR32P/32PT检测仪结合延时法则检测含有预制未熔合、未焊透和裂纹的人工缺陷,然后通过射线检测对比分析。检测结果表明:相较于传统超声检查技术,采用超声相控阵检测技术检测的定位误差小于5mm,长度定量误差均小于10%,定性分类准确度达到100%,能够较好地满足异种钢焊接接头质量检测要求。Dissimilar steel welded joints have characteristics such as high strength,high corrosion resistance and low cost,and have been widely used in special equipment such as boilers,pipes and pressure vessels.However,due to the uneven material structure,mechanical properties and residual stress of dissimilar steel welded joints,cracks and other defects are easy to occur after manufacturing and service.The defects are difficult to be detected due to the low detection accuracy and small scanning range of conventional nondestructive testing.To solve the above problems,two typical dissimilar welded joints of Q235/304 stainless steel are selected as the research objects,the calculation rule of focusing delay for ultrasonic phased array detection of dissimilar materials is deduced.Q235 and 304 stainless steel welding test blocks are fabricated.The SIUI 32P/32PT detector combined with the delay rule is used to detect the artificial defects containing prefabricated non-fusion,non-penetration and cracks,and X-ray detection is compared.The test results show that compared with the traditional ultrasonic inspection technology,the ultrasonic phased array detection technology has a positioning error of less than 5 mm,a quantitative length error of less than 10%,and a qualitative classification accuracy of 100%,which can better meet the quality inspection requirements of dissimilar steel welded joints.

关 键 词：异种钢焊接接头 超声相控阵 射线检测 Q235 304不锈钢 

分 类 号：TG457.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]