大尺度物理过程影响"菲特"台风强度变化的位涡反演诊断  

Potential vorticity inversion diagnosis of the impact of large scale physical processes on the intensity changes of typhoon Fitow(2013)

作　　者：李启华[1] 程文聪 史小康 殷蕾 胡艳冰 施东雷 任超[1] 刘健文 LI QiHua;CHENG WenCong;SHI XiaoKang;YIN Lei;HU YanBing;SHI DongLei;REN Chao;LIU JianWen(Chinese People's Liberation Army 93213 Unit,Beijing 100085,China;Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Environment,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军93213部队,北京100085 [2]南京邮电大学,南京210023 [3]中国地质大学环境学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2024年第9期3327-3340,共14页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42005007,42105013,42305004)资助。

摘　　要：本文在分析长时间强度维持"菲特"台风总扰动位涡的水平和垂直分布特征基础上,基于分片位涡反演方法反演分析大尺度环境场在垂直方向上代表不同物理意义的各层对台风长时间强度维持的影响,进而深化我们对此类台风动力学问题的认识,也为台风强度的业务预报提供参考,主要结论如下:(1)整层位涡扰动反演得出的平衡物理量场的强弱及中心位置可以准确地反映"菲特"台风的强度变化及其移动,其中中层的台风平均总位涡扰动与台风强度具有较好的伴随关系.(2)在低层,对流层潜热释放导致的位涡扰动对台风长时间强度维持起着决定性的贡献、对流层干空气对应的位涡扰动其次,且他们反演的高度场和涡度场均与台风强度具有较好的伴随关系.而对流层不饱和湿空气导致的位涡扰动和高层位涡扰动对扰动高度场为负贡献,且对流层不饱和湿空气导致的位涡扰动与台风强度具有反向伴随关系;其中高层位涡扰动在700 hPa以上的负涡度贡献在一定程度削弱了对流层中层的正涡度贡献.(3)在中层,对流层潜热释放导致的位涡扰动对台风发展和强盛维持阶段的贡献达65.2%,边界层位涡扰动由发展加强期的0.2%增加到强盛维持期的8.3%.对流层干空气对应的位涡扰动的贡献率随着对流层潜热释放导致的位涡扰动和边界层位涡扰动平均扰动负位势高度的增强而减少,在强盛维持期占比26.5%左右.在快速衰减期,由于台风登陆减弱,导致了各物理过程正贡献率的再分布.此外,各物理过程相对涡度最高值带均比强盛维持期提前了12 h,可作为长时间强度维持台风增强和减弱预报的参考指标之一.The typhoon Fitow(2013)is a typical long-term intensity-maintaining typhoon.Based on the analyses of the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of total potential vorticity disturbance of typhoon,this paper investigates the impacts of large-scale environmental conditions on the long-term maintenance of typhoon intensity,by using the piecewise potential vorticity inversion method.The study can help to better understand the typhoon dynamical issues and provide references for operational forecasting of typhoon intensity.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The equilibrium physical fields that derived from the inversion of whole layer potential vorticity perturbation can accurately reflect the intensity variation and movement of Typhoon Fitow.Specifically,the average total potential vorticity perturbation in the middle troposphere is correlated well to the variation of typhoon intensity.(2)In the lower troposphere,the potential vorticity disturbance related to latent heat release plays a decisive role in the long-term maintenance of typhoon intensity,followed by the disturbance related to dry air.The geopotential height and vorticity fields that inverted from them correspond well with the typhoon intensity.Meanwhile,the potential vorticity disturbance related to unsaturated moist air and the disturbance in upper troposphere have negative contributions to the geopotential height disturbance,and the former had a reverse relationship with typhoon intensity.The negative contribution of upper-layer potential vorticity disturbance above 700 hPa weakened the positive contribution in the middle troposphere to a certain extent.(3)In the middle troposphere,the contribution of potential vorticity disturbance related to latent heat release accounts for 65.2%to the development and intensity maintenance of typhoon.The contribution of vorticity perturbation in boundary layer increased from 0.2%during the development stage to 8.3%during the mature stage.The vorticity perturbation of dry air decreases with the enhance

关 键 词：分片位涡 位涡反演 台风 

分 类 号：P445[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]