贵州夏季降水异常及其与海温异常的关系  

Summer precipitation anomaly in Guizhou and its relationship with SST anomaly

作　　者：钱海 龙安胜 彭杰 QIAN Hai;LONG Ansheng;PENG Jie(Qianxi Meteorological Bureau,Qianxi 551599,China;Huishui Meteorological Bureau,Huishui 550699,China)

机构地区：[1]黔西市气象局,贵州黔西551599 [2]惠水县气象局,贵州惠水550699

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2024年第3期133-144,共12页Journal of Marine Meteorology

摘　　要：利用贵州1961—2018年夏季0.5°×0.5°格点月降水资料和全球逐月海面温度(以下简称“海温”)资料,分析贵州夏季降水量的时空分布特征及其与前期海温的联系,并合成分析海温异常影响大气环流异常从而对降水量产生的影响。结果表明:(1)贵州夏季和夏季各月降水量均无显著趋势变化,降水量从东北部的中部向西南逐渐增加,并且贵州夏季降水异常主要有全区一致型、南北反向型和东西反向型3个模态。(2)贵州夏季降水异常与北赤道暖流区、加利福尼亚冷流区、北太平洋中纬度海域的海温异常联系密切。(3)北赤道暖流区和加利福尼亚冷流区的显著时段是前一年6—11月,其中7月影响最为显著,影响范围主要是贵州东部及南部;北太平洋中纬度海域是前一年6—7月,其中7月影响最为显著,影响范围主要是贵州东北部及东南部。(4)关键海区海温与贵州降水偏少年的联系不如偏多年密切。Based on the monthly summer precipitation data of 0.5°×0.5°in Guizhou from 1961 to 2018 and the monthly global sea surface temperature(SST)data,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in Guizhou and their relationship with the previous SST,and synthetically analyzes the influence of SST anomaly on atmospheric circulation anomaly and thus on precipitation.The results are as follows.(1)There is no significant trend change in summer precipitation and monthly summer precipitation in Guizhou,the precipitation gradually increases from the middle of the northeastern part to the southwestern part,and the summer precipitation anomalies in Guizhou mainly have three modes:uniform regional type,north-south opposite type and east-west opposite type.(2)The summer precipitation anomalies in Guizhou are closely related to the SST anomalies in the North Equatorial Current zone,the California Current zone and the mid latitude of the North Pacific Ocean.(3)The significant period of the North Equatorial Current zone and the California Current zone(the mid latitude of the North Pacific Ocean)is from June to November(from June to July)of the previous year,in which July has the most significant influence,and the range of influence is mainly in the eastern(northeastern)part and southern(southeastern)part of Guizhou.(4)The relationship between SST in key sea areas and the years of less precipitation in Guizhou is not as close as that between SST in key sea areas and the years of more precipitation.

关 键 词：经验正交函数(EOF)分析 相关分析 合成分析 海温(SST) 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P732