3种杂交石斛种子无菌播种快繁技术  

Sterile Sowing and Rapid Propagation of Three Hybrid Dendrobium Seeds

作　　者：江荣慧 杨焱冰 颜凤霞 田凡 许志高 王莲辉 JIANG Ronghui;YANG Yanbing;YAN Fengxia;TIAN Fan;XU Zhigao;WANG Lianhui(Guizhou Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院/西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《贵州林业科技》2024年第3期13-19,共7页Guizhou Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：几种石斛种质资源收集保存及繁育技术研究(黔林科合〔2021〕02号);不同栽培模式金钗石斛石斛碱含量研究(黔林科合J字〔2022〕11号);不同附生树种对铁皮石斛生长及代谢成分响应技术研究(黔林科合〔2019〕02号);贵州石斛种质资源库建设项目(黔石科合2019008)。

摘　　要：本文以梵净山石斛、矩唇石斛、喉红石斛、翅萼石斛、铁皮石斛和金钗石斛的杂交石斛种子为研究对象,对梵净山石斛(♀)×矩唇石斛(♂)、喉红石斛(♀)×翅萼石斛(♂)、铁皮石斛(♀)×金钗石斛(♂)3组石斛进行人工授粉种间杂交,对所得杂交石斛种子开展种子无菌萌发、杂交石斛种苗壮苗生根以及移栽驯化研究。结果表明:最适合3种杂交石斛种子无菌萌发的基本培养基均为1/2MS培养基;最佳壮苗生根培养基配方均为1/2MS+BA 0.1 mg·L^(-1)+NAA 0.5 mg·L^(-1)+100 g·L^(-1)马铃薯+0.5 g·L^(-1)活性炭;适宜移栽驯化的基质分别为优品兰土、精品兰土、优品兰土,成活率分别达到90.6%、62.5%、100%。通过人工授粉得到种子,以杂交石斛种子为外植体,可以建立杂交石斛快繁技术体系。Taking the hybrid seeds of Dendrobium fanjingshanense,D.linawianum,D.christyanum,D.cariniferum,D.offi cinale and D.nobile as research objects,this study aims to explore the sterile sowing and rapid propagation.Three groups were also involved for the artificial pollination:D.fanjingshanense(♀)×D.linawianum(♂),D.christyanum(♀)×D.cariniferum(♂),and D.officinale(♀)×D.nobile(♂).The hybrid Dendrobium seeds were then used to evaluate the sterile germination,the rooting of hybrid Dendrobium seedlings,as well as transplanting and domestication.The results showed that the 1/2MS medium was the most suitable basal medium for the aseptic germination of three species of Dendrobium orchids.The optimal composition of medium was 1/2MS+BA 0.1 mg·L^(-1)+NAA 0.5 mg·L^(-1)+potato 100 g·L^(-1)+activated carbon 0.5 g·L^(-1)for the strong seedlings and rooting.The Youpin,Fine and Youpin orchid soil substrates were more suitable for transplanting and growing,where the survival rates were 90.6%,62.5%,and 100%,respectively.The seeds were obtained after artificial pollination.Taking the hybrid seeds as the explants,the efficient and rapid propagation can be expected to establish for the tissue culture.

关 键 词：石斛杂交 无菌播种 壮苗生根 移栽驯化 

分 类 号：S723[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S567.2[农业科学—林学]