度普利尤单抗在中重度支气管哮喘治疗中的研究进展  

Research progress of dupilumab in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchial asthma

作　　者：王从瑶 田春燕[2] 李竹英[2] WANG Congyao;TIAN Chunyan;LI Zhuying(Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学研究生院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院呼吸科,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2024年第9期1571-1575,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(82074365,82274420);黑龙江省第二批省级名中医专家传承工作室建设项目[(2021)24号];黑龙江省级领军人才梯队后备带头人项目[(2021)296号]。

摘　　要：支气管哮喘是一种常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病,以慢性气道炎症和气道高反应性为其特征,临床常表现为反复发作的喘息、呼吸急促、胸闷、咳嗽等症状。中重度哮喘患者症状反复发作,如不能得到有效控制常导致肺功能下降。近年来生物靶向药物作为一种新的用于治疗重度哮喘的生物制剂,为哮喘患者提供了更多的治疗选择。目前可以在临床应用的主要有抗IgE单克隆抗体、抗IL-4受体单克隆抗体、抗IL-5受体单克隆抗体等。度普利尤单抗作为生物靶向治疗药物在治疗中重度支气管哮喘患者时疗效显著,其可以与IL-4Rα高亲和力结合,阻断IL-4和IL-13的信号传导,从而抑制2型气道炎症,改善肺部症状,控制哮喘发作。经度普利尤单抗治疗后的哮喘患者不仅生活质量得到提升,而且还可以减少糖皮质激素用量,减轻长期使用糖皮质激素给患者带来的一系列副作用。并且度普利尤单抗治疗哮喘安全性良好,严重不良反应较少,常见不良反应较轻且持续时间短,常可自行缓解。度普利尤单抗为哮喘患者的治疗提供新的策略,是国内外指南治疗重度哮喘患者的推荐药物。但目前国内上市时间较晚,研究报道较少,临床研究的周期短、样本量数据较少,仍需长期研究观察。本文将对度普利尤单抗治疗中重度支气管哮喘的临床治疗进展进行综述,为其进一步研究提供依据。Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease,which is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.The clinical manifestations are often recurrent wheezing,shortness of breath,chest tightness,cough,and other symptoms.Patients with moderate to severe asthma have recurrent symptoms,which often lead to decreased lung function if they cannot be effectively controlled.In recent years,as a new biological preparation for treating severe asthma,biologically targeted drugs have provided more treatment options for asthma patients.At present,the main clinical applications include anti IgE monoclonal antibodies,anti IL-4 receptor monoclonal antibodies,and anti IL-5 receptor monoclonal antibodies.Dupilumab,as a targeted biological drug,has a significant effect in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchial asthma.It can bind to IL-4Rαwith high affinity and block the signal transduction of IL-4 and IL-13,thereby inhibiting type 2 airway inflammation,improving pulmonary symptoms,and controlling asthma attacks.Asthma patients treated with dupilumab not only improve their quality of life,but also reduce the dosage of glucocorticoids and alleviate a series of side effects caused by long-term use of glucocorticoids.Moreover,the safety of dupilumab in the treatment of asthma is good,with few serious adverse reactions.The common adverse reactions are mild and short-lived,and often can be relieved by themselves.Dupilumab provides a new strategy for the treatment of patients with asthma,and is the recommended drug for severe asthma in domestic and foreign guidelines.However,at present,the domestic market was launched relatively late,there are few research reports,the clinical research cycle is short,the sample size data is limited,and long-term research and observation are still needed.This article will review the clinical treatment progress of dupilumab in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchial asthma,providing a basis for further research.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 IL-4受体亚基α 生物制剂 度普利尤单抗 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R974.3[医药卫生—内科学]