不同林龄西南桦人工林的生物量及其分配特征  

Biomass and Its Allocation Characteristics of Betula alnoides Plantations at Different Stand Ages

作　　者：李敏敏 刘鹏程[1] 温庆忠[1] 黄运荣[1] 刘娟[1] LI Minmin;LIU Pengcheng;WEN Qingzhong;HUANG Yunrong;LIU Juan(Yunnan Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning,Kunming Yunnan 650051,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业调查规划院,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第4期91-97,104,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：《云南植被志》研编及云南植被资源可持续利用研究I期(202101BC070002)。

摘　　要：西南桦为我国南方主要造林树种,分布范围较广,开展不同林龄的西南桦人工林生物量及其分配特征研究,可为其科学经营及碳循环研究提供科学依据。为探讨西南桦人工林不同龄级林分生物量的组成、分配及变化趋势,本研究以采集于滇南和滇西南64块(666.7 m^(2))样地调查数据和150株西南桦样木生物量数据为研究对象,建立胸径(D)和树高(H)为变量的生物量异速生长方程。结果显示:(1)西南桦各器官生物量异速生长方程的预估精度均达98%以上,能较好地估测西南桦各器官生物量,西南桦人工林幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林、成过熟林森林平均总生物量分别为137.92、181.34、245.87、292.43 t·hm^(-2)。(2)从分配特征来看,乔木层生物量占绝对优势,其次为凋落物层、灌木层和草本层;从各器官来看,乔木层树干、灌木层的根、草本层的地上部分、凋落物层的枯落物生物量占各层生物量的比例最高。结果表明:西南桦人工林总生物量随林龄增大而增加,灌木层、草本层、凋落物层生物量随林龄增大无显著差异,西南桦人工林生物量较高,是一个固碳潜力大的造林树种。Betula alnoides,widely distributed in southern China,is primary afforestation species.Research on the biomass and distribution characteristics of B.alnoides plantations across various ages offer a scientific basis for their management and carbon cycle research in southwest China.In south and southwest Yunnan Province,a total of 64 B.alnoides plantations plots were investigated,each plot was 666.7 m^(2).Based on 150 plant samples of varying diameters,a biomass allometric equation with breast diameter(D)and tree height(H)as variables was established,and the arbor layer biomass was analyzed.Additionally,unveiling the composition,distribution and change trend of the biomass across different ages.Results showed that the estimated accuracy of the biomass allometric growth equation of all organs in Southwest birch was above 98%,enabling precise biomass estimation of all organs in B.alnoides.Total biomass of B.alnoides plantations increased with forest age,the average total biomass of young,middle-aged,near-mature,mature and over mature forests were 137.92,181.34,245.87,292.43 t·hm^(-2),respectively.According to the biomass distribution characteristics of each layer,tree layer predominated,litter followed,while shrub and herbaceous layers had less biomass.According to different organs,The biomass of the trunk of the tree layer,the root of the shrub layer,the aboveground part of the herb layer and mall litter was the highest,respectively.The results showed that the total biomass of B.alnoides plantation increased with forest age,the litter,shrub layer and herbaceous layer biomass showing no significant variation with forest age.This study underscores the high biomass and significant carbon sequestration potential of B.alnoides plantations.

关 键 词：西南桦 生物量 林龄 异速生长方程 云南 

分 类 号：S792.15[农业科学—林木遗传育种]