功能主义视角下价款超级优先权的司法适用  

Judicial Application of Price Super Priority from the Perspective of Functionalism

作　　者：黎源 LI Yuan(Law School,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2024年第8期36-44,71,共10页Journal of Yibin University

摘　　要：《民法典》第416条借鉴于UCC第9-107条,产生于我国“优化营商环境”的宏大立法背景之中,其规范功能最初是为了限制动产浮动抵押权的效力,进而拓宽中小企业的融资渠道,在我国担保制度从形式主义向功能主义转化的路径中扮演着十分重要的角色。这一新制度由于裁判者实务经验不足,在司法适用环节存在诸多问题。化解实务桎梏的正确做法是回归到《民法典》第416条的立法目的、立法背景,在功能主义的视角下划定价款超级优先权的标的物类型,明确标的物价款与所担保主债权的关系。当数个价款超级优先权之竞存或与其他担保物权竞存时,受偿顺位问题的解决应当在实现功能主义目标的基础上,尽可能与既有形式体系达成平衡。Drawing on Article 9-107 of UCC,Article 416 of the Civil Code was originally intended to limit the effect of movable mortgage,expand the financing channels of small and medium-sized enterprises under the legislative background of"optimizing the business environment".The establishment of the super priority of the price plays a very important role in the transformation of formalism to functionalism.But the new system has many problems in judicial application because of the lack of practical experience of the judges.The correct way to resolve the practical shackles is to return to the legislative purpose and legislative background of Article 416 of the Civil Code,delimit the subject matter type of the super-priority of the price from the perspective of functionalism,and clarify the relationship between the price of the subject matter and the secured main claim.When several price super priorities or other security rights compete for depositary,the problem of the order of compensation should be solved on the basis of the balance between the requirements of functionalism and the existing formal system.

关 键 词：价款超级优先权 功能主义 司法适用 设立 效力 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]