非法引进、释放、丢弃外来入侵物种罪的教义学分析  

Doctrinal Analysis of the Crime of Ilegally Introducing,Releasing and DiscardingAlien Invasive Species

作　　者：周志豪 ZHOU Zhihao(School of Criminal Justice,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2024年第8期45-53,共9页Journal of Yibin University

摘　　要：非法处置外来入侵物种的行为规制具有双重面向,即行政法层面打击力度不断加大,刑事法层面却鲜有案发。造成这一局面的原因在于,国家没有出台关于非法引进、释放、丢弃外来入侵物种罪的相关司法解释,导致司法适用存在模糊。该罪法益应明确为国家对外来物种的管理制度以及国家的生态安全。因此,本罪的犯罪对象宜限定为有权部门发布的名录所列物种。犯罪客观行为中的引进行为应限缩解释为从境外引进,释放和丢弃行为应明确不作为犯和特殊行为的实质内涵。主观的罪过形式上应否定过失犯的成立,而仅肯定故意形态的犯罪。罪状中的情节严重应作违法性构成要件要素理解且仅包括客观要素。The regulation of llegal disposal of invasive alien species has a dual orientation,with increasing efforts to crack down on them at the administrative law level,but few cases have occurred at the criminal law level.The reason for this situation is that the country has not issued relevant judicial interpretations on the crime of illegal introduction,release,and disposal of invasive alien species,resulting in vague judicial application.The legal interests of this crime should be clearly defined as the national management system of the alien species and the national ecological security.Therefore,the object of this crime should be limited to the species listed in the list published by the competent department.The introduction behavior in objective criminal behavior should be interpreted as importing from overseas,and the discarding and abandonment behavior should clearly define the substantive connotations of non-action crime and special behavior.The subjective form of guilt should negate the establishment of negligent offenses,and only affirm intentional forms of crime.The serious circumstances in the facts of the crime should be understood as elements of illegality and only include objective elements.

关 键 词：外来入侵物种 生态安全 司法适用 可操作性 教义学分析 

分 类 号：D9243[政治法律—刑法学]