树下铺设不同反光膜对华红苹果果实品质的影响  

Effect of different reflective films on the fruit quality of‘Huahong’apple

作　　者：王竞 周江涛 陈华 唐雪东[4] 康国栋[1] 厉恩茂[1] 王新婕 孙丽丽 张慧敏 陈艳辉[1] 程存刚[1] WANG Jing;ZHOU Jiangtao;CHEN Hua;TANG Xuedong;KANG Guodong;LI Enmao;WANG Xinjie;SUN Lili;ZHANG Huimin;CHEN Yanhui;CHENG Cungang(Institute of Pomology of CAAS,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100;Changshan Ecological Forest Farm in Zhucheng City;Suizhong County Agricultural Affairs Service Center;Jilin Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100 [2]诸城市常山生态林场 [3]绥中县农业事务服务中心 [4]吉林农业大学

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第8期1-7,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32202413);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业(苹果)产业技术体系(CARS-27);2023年辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101600050)。

摘　　要：以生长良好、长势一致的13年生华红/GM256/山定子为试材,铺设传统非降解型反光膜Ⅰ(T1)、新型可降解反光膜Ⅱ(T2)、新型可降解反光膜Ⅲ(T3),以不铺反光膜为对照(CK),测定冠层光辐射特征和摘袋后3个时期的果实品质,探索新型反光膜对华红果实品质的影响。结果表明:铺设反光膜可以增加树体下部(距地面60 cm)的光合光子通量密度与光照强度,表现为T3>T2>T1>CK;也可以增加红蓝辐射照度比,表现为T2>T3>CK>T1。其中,反光膜Ⅰ可以增加树体下部光照强度;反光膜Ⅱ可以增加光照强度,显著改善红蓝辐射照度比;反光膜Ⅲ可以显著增加光照强度,改善红蓝辐射照度比。铺设反光膜Ⅰ可以增加果实可滴定酸含量与花青苷含量;铺设反光膜Ⅱ可以显著增加果实花青苷含量,促进果实着色,显著增加果实可溶性糖含量,降低果实可滴定酸含量,对果实维生素C含量有显著影响;铺设反光膜Ⅲ可以显著增加果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸含量。果实摘袋后,铺设反光膜均可改善光照条件,提高果实品质,其中,反光膜Ⅱ效果最佳,显著提高了果实品质,与传统反光膜相比,反射光照更强,红蓝辐射照度比增加,同时还减少了人工处理的成本,减少了对土地的污染。The 13-year-old Huahong/GM256/Shanstat with good growth and consistent growth was used as the test material,and the traditional non-degradable reflective filmⅠ(T1),new degradable reflective filmⅡ(T2)or new degradable reflective filmⅢ(T3)were laid,and the canopy light radiation characteristics and fruit quality in the three stages after bag picking were measured with no reflective film as the control(CK),and the effect of the new reflective film on the fruit quality of‘Huahong’fruit was explored.The results showed that the photosynthetic photon flux density and light intensity of the lower part of the tree(60 cm from the ground)could be increased by laying the reflective film,which was T3>T2>T1>CK.It is also possible to increase the red-blue irradiance ratio,which is T2>T3>CK>T1.Among them,reflective filmⅠcan increase the light intensity in the lower part of the tree.Reflective filmⅡcan increase the light intensity and significantly improve the ratio of red and blue radiation.Reflective filmⅢcan significantly increase the light intensity and improve the ratio of red to blue irradiance.Laying reflective filmⅠcan increase the content of titratable acid and anthocyanin in fruit.Laying reflective film II significantly increased the anthocyanin content,promoted fruit coloration,signiflsantly increased the soluble sugar content of fruit,decreased the tiratable acid content of fuit,and had significant effect on vitamin C content of fuit.Laying reflective film I can significantly increase the content of soluble solids,soluble sugars and titratable acids in fnuits.After the fruit is picked from the bag,laying the reflective film can improve the light conditiong and improve the quality of the fruit,among them,the reflective film II has the best efect,significantly improves the quality of the fuit,compared with the traditional reflective film,the reflected light is stronger,the red and blue radiation ilumination ratio increases,and the cost of manual treatment is also reduced,and the polution of the land is

关 键 词：苹果 反光膜 光 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]