20个草莓品种在山东烟台的果实品质差异分析与综合评价  

Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality differences among 20 strawberry varieties in Yantai of Shandong

作　　者：慈志娟[1] 贾明[2] 隋秀奇 刘聪 于文英 张今泽 刘少青[1] 牟红梅[1] 段小娜[1] CI Zhijuan;JIA Ming;SUI Xiuqi;LIU Cong;YU Wenying;ZHANG Jinze;LIU Shaoqing;MU Hongmei;DUAN Xiaona(Yantai Agricultural Science Research Institute,Shandong 265500;Shandong Forestry Science Research Institute;Yantai Sunshine Show Agricultural Technology Co,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]烟台市农业科学研究院,山东265500 [2]山东省林业科学研究院 [3]烟台阳光秀农业科技有限公司

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第8期44-50,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0882)。

摘　　要：为了全面地对山东省烟台地区草莓种质资源进行分析和评价,筛选关键评价指标,提高育种效率,采集20个烟台地区草莓品种的果实样本,通过变异分析、主成分分析、相关性分析与综合评价,对测定的果实纵径、横径、单果重、可溶性固形物含量等11个品质指标进行了研究。结果显示,在11个品质指标中,单果重变异程度最高,变异系数为22.64%,果实横径变异程度最低,变异系数为9.75%。由变异系数大小可知,草莓品种对11个指标影响顺序为单果重>硬度>固酸比>可滴定酸含量>糖酸比>果形指数>维生素C含量>纵径>可溶性固形物含量>可溶性糖含量>横径。不同品种各品质性状间存在显著差异,其中单果重与横径、纵径与果形指数、可溶性固形物含量与可溶性糖含量、糖酸比与固酸比均呈极显著正相关,果形指数与横径、可滴定酸含量与糖酸比、可滴定酸含量与固酸比均呈极显著负相关。从11个品质性状中提取出4个主成分,累计贡献率达到87.425%,能综合反映草莓品质性状的大部分信息。主成分分析与相关性分析相结合,筛选出固酸比、维生素C含量、可溶性糖含量、单果重和果形指数5个草莓品质评价核心指标。排名前6位的品种依次为香野、章姬、香蕉、红颜、天使8号、黑珍珠。In order to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the strawberry germplasm resources in Yantai area of Shandong Province,screen key evaluation indicators,and improve breeding efficiency,20 strawberry varieties in Yantai area were collected.Through variation analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation,11 quality indicators such as fruit longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,average fruit weight,and soluble solid content were studied.The results showed that among the 11 quality indicators,coefficient of variation in average fruit weight was the highest,with a coefficient of variation of 22.64%,and the degree of variation in fruit transverse diameter was the lowest,with a coefficient of variation of 9.75%.According to the coefficient of variation,the order of strawberry varieties influence on the 11 indicators is average fruit weight>hardness>solid acid ratio>titratable acid content>sugar acid ratio>fruit shape index>vitamin C content>longitudinal diameter>soluble solid content>soluble sugar content>transverse diameter.There are significant differences in quality traits among different varieties.There is a significant positive correlation between average fruit weight and transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and fruit shape index,soluble solid content and soluble sugar content,sugar acid ratio and solid acid ratio.There is a significant negative correlation between fruit shape index and transverse diameter,titratable acid content and sugar acid ratio,and titratable acid content and solid acid ratio.Four principal components were extracted from 11 quality traits,with a cumulative contribution rate of 87.425%,which can comprehensively reflect most of the information of strawberry quality traits.Combining principal component analysis and correlation analysis,five core quality evaluation indicators for strawberries were selected,including solid acid ratio,vitamin C content,soluble sugar content,average fruit weight,and fruit shape index.The top 6 varieties in the rankin

关 键 词：草莓 变异系数 主成分分析 相关性分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]