温度对不同海拔砂生槐种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Different Temperature and Altitude on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Sophora Moorcroftiana from Different Provenance

作　　者：周娟娟[1,2,3] ZHOU Juanjuan(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Gansu Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Highland Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement,Tibet Lhasa,850000,China;Institute of Pratacultural Science,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husandry Science,Tibet Lhasa,850000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]西藏自治区省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室,西藏拉萨850000 [3]西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏农业科技》2024年第3期18-22,共5页Tibet Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发计划项目(XZ202201ZY0014N)。

摘　　要：为了探究天然居群不同海拔砂生槐种源在恒定温度条件下的发芽特性,以6个海拔(2 948,3 091,3 584,3 821,4 064,4 288 m)野生种源为研究对象,比较不同海拔破皮砂生槐种子在不同恒温处理(5~30℃)下的萌发和幼苗生长响应,旨在揭示砂生槐对温度变化的生态适应对策。结果表明,不同海拔的砂生槐种子均能萌发,且在15,20,25℃时发芽率可达到90%以上。随着温度上升,砂生槐种子的发芽势和发芽率整体呈现先增加后降低的趋势,高温(30℃)限制了种子萌发。不同种源砂生槐种子的发芽势和发芽率无明显变化规律。同一海拔的砂生槐幼苗鲜质量、根鲜质量和苗干质量随着温度升高先增加后降低,25℃时达到峰值。在5℃和10℃条件下,砂生槐种子仅能萌发,但不利于幼苗生长;高温(30℃)处理下,幼苗生长受到抑制。海拔4 064 m的砂生槐种子活力指数高于其他海拔的种子,海拔4 288 m的砂生槐幼苗苗长显著低于其他海拔幼苗。温度显著影响不同种源砂生槐种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、苗长、根长、根鲜质量、苗干质量和根干质量(p<0.05)。海拔差异对砂生槐幼苗的发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数和苗干质量产生显著影响(p<0.05)。温度和种源对砂生槐幼苗干质量的影响存在交互作用(p<0.05)。In order to find out the germination characteristics of S.moorcroftiana natural populations at different altitudes,six wild provenances(2948,3091,3584,3821,4064,4288 m)were selected as the research objects to compare the responses of seed germination and seedling growth under different constant temperature treatments(5-30℃).The aim is to reveal the ecological adaptation strategy to temperature change.The results showed that seeds of S.moorcroftiana could germinate at different altitudes,and the germination rate can reach more than 90%at 15℃,20℃and 25℃.With the increase of temperature,the germination potential and germination rate of the seeds increased first and then decreased,and the high temperature(30℃)limited the seed germination.The germination potential and germination rate at different altitudes had no obvious change.The fresh weight,root fresh weight and dry weight initially increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature,reaching peak value at 25℃.At temperature 5℃and 10℃,S.moorcroftiana seeds only exhibited germination,but not conducive to seedling growth.High temperature(30℃)inhibited the growth of seedlings.The seed vitality index under 4064m was highest compared to other altitudes,and seedling length under 4288 m was significantly lower than other altitudes.Temperature significantly affected germination potential,germination rate,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,root length,root fresh weight,seedling dry weight and root dry weight(p<0.05),and altitude difference had significant effects on germination potential,germination index,vigor index and seedling dry weight(p<0.05).There was interaction between temperature and provenance on seedlings dry weight of S.moorcroftiana(p<0.05).

关 键 词：砂生槐 种源 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S757.2[农业科学—森林经理学]