异种器官移植排斥反应及其预防治疗策略  

Xenotransplantation rejection and preventive and therapeutic strategies

作　　者：何小舟[1] 付嘉钊 周萃星[1] He Xiaozhou;Fu Jiazhao;Zhou Cuixing(Department of Urology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Changzhou 213000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第三医院泌尿外科,江苏常州213000 [2]海军军医大学第一附属医院器官移植中心

出　　处：《器官移植》2024年第5期745-751,共7页Organ Transplantation

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK20211064)。

摘　　要：异种器官移植是解决人类器官短缺问题的潜在方案。在过去的上百年里,异种器官移植经历了早期尝试和不断进步,目前已进入新的高速发展阶段,取得了一系列的成果,但异种器官移植排斥反应的管理较同种异体器官移植排斥反应更为棘手。为此,研究者们开发出了一系列免疫抑制策略,如使用基因修饰猪供体、使用传统和新型免疫抑制药、将供体猪的胸腺与供器官一同移植等,以实现调整受体免疫系统反应,降低排斥反应强度并延长移植物存活时间。本文就异种器官移植排斥反应发生机制、预防和治疗策略的相关研究进行评述,以期为促进异种器官移植的进一步发展提供参考。Xenotransplantation is a potential solution to the shortage of human organs.In the previous 100 years,xenotransplantation has witnessed preliminary attempts and persistent progress.At present,it has entered a new stage of rapid development and achieved a series of results.Nevertheless,the management of xenotransplantation rejection is more challenging compared with that of allogeneic organ transplantation rejection.Therefore,researchers have developed a series of immunosuppressive strategies,such as use of genetically modified pig donors,use of traditional and novel immunosuppressants,and co-transplantation of donor pig thymus with donor organs,aiming to adjust the immune system response of recipients,mitigate the intensity of rejection and prolong the survival time of grafts.In this article,research progress in the mechanism,prevention and treatment strategies of xenotransplantation rejection was reviewed,aiming to provide reference for accelerating subsequent development of xenotransplantation.

关 键 词：异种移植 器官移植 排斥反应 基因修饰猪 免疫抑制药 共刺激阻滞剂 细胞治疗 补体 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学] Q78[医药卫生—临床医学]