轻度失能对老年人社会参与的影响研究  

Study on the influence of mild disability on social participation in the elderly

作　　者：孙秋洁 戴力辉[1] SUN Qiujie;DAI Lihui(School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京102488

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2024年第21期81-85,共5页China Medical Herald

摘　　要：目的分析轻度失能对老年人社会参与情况的影响,为提升老年人社会参与程度提供参考。方法基于第8轮中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据,纳入2018年接受调查的5897名老年人为研究对象,采用研究对象参与社会活动的观测值,使用多元线性回归模型及倾向得分匹配法分析轻度失能对老年人社会活动的影响程度。结果轻度失能老年人436名,完全自理老年人5461名。不同性别、年龄、婚姻、接受教育、慢性疾病、自评健康、自评经济、居住地、社区提供社会活动的老年人社会参与率和社会参与得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。排除年龄、性别等其他因素后,轻度失能对老年人社会参与率和社会参与得分为负向影响(P<0.05)。匹配后,轻度失能老年人比完全自理老年人社会参与率低6.476%~6.599%,社会参与得分相对减少42.19%~43.79%。结论轻度失能阻碍老年人进行社会参与,亟须对轻度失能老年人进行有效干预,创造老年友好社会环境,激发老年人社会参与的内在动力,延缓其向更严重失能状态的进展。Objective To analyze the influence of mild disability on social participation in the elderly,and to provide reference for improving the degree of social participation of the elderly.Methods Based on the data of the 8th round of the Chinese Longistudinal Health Longevity Survey,5897 elderly surveyed in 2018 were included.The observation of the subject’s participation in social activities were used,and multiple linear regression model and propensity score matching method were used to analyze the effect of mild disability on social activities of the elderly.Results There were 436 elderly with mild disability and 5461 elderly with complete self-care.The social participation rate and social participation scores of the elderly with different gender,age,marriage,education,chronic disease,self-rated health,self-rated economy,place of residence,and community provided social activities were statistically significant(P<0.05).After excluding other factors such as age and gender,mild disability had a negative effect on social participation rate and social participation score of the elderly(P<0.05).After matching,the social participation rate of the elderly with mild disability was 6.476%-6.599%lower than that of the elderly with complete self-care,and the social participation scores decreased by 42.19%-43.79%.Conclusion Mild disability hinders the social participation of the elderly,and it is urgent to effectively intervene the mild disability elderly,create an age-friendly social environment,stimulate their internal motivation for social participation,and delay their progress to a more severe disability state.

关 键 词：轻度失能 社会参与 倾向得分匹配 老年人 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]