潍坊市农村环境卫生工作档案化的重要性研究  

Research on the importance of archival management of rural environmental health work in Weifang City

作　　者：王晓倩[1] 李东英[1] 张丽[1] WANG Xiao-qian;LI Dong-ying;ZHANG Li(Public Health Surveillance Division,Weifang Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Weifang Shandong Province 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测科,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2024年第7期7-10,共4页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：目的通过建立潍坊市农村环境卫生工作档案,了解潍坊市农村环境卫生、饮用水安全状况对农村社会经济发展以及农村居民生活质量和身体健康的影响状况,掌握居民健康危害因素。方法2013年7月—2016年10月潍坊市对寿光、高密2个县市区的乡镇进行调查及取样,每年采取分层随机抽样的方法挑选10个乡镇,将取得的相关数据资料按照年度及相关内容进行归档整理装订成册。结果入户调查的800个家庭中,3104名家庭成员中2周内出现腹泻80名,腹痛68名,发热64名,新发肠道传染病4名。有416个家庭使用煤气作为燃料,用电220个家庭,烧柴124个家庭,用煤16个家庭,天然气24个家庭;卫生厕所占比25.88%。在调查家庭周围30 m范围内发现有1315个积水容器,370个蚊幼虫容器。居户厨房发现鼠迹45户,发现苍蝇430户。160份水质检测结果显示主要超标项目为微生物指标和消毒剂指标。29份土壤检出蛔虫卵数148个,检出活卵42个。160个村的经济收入主要还是以种植业为主,占比89.38%。结论将调查资料及数据结果进行归档整理可以比较直观体现出农村环境卫生包括饮用水的水质卫生和土壤卫生状况的改善以及对居民健康的影响状况,从而为农村无害化卫生厕所的普及、污水垃圾的处理工艺的进一步改进提供技术和理论支持,为贯彻落实乡村振兴战略和农村人居环境整治行动方案提供指导。Objective By establishing a rural environmental health work archives in Weifang City,to understand the impact of rural environmental health and drinking water safety status on rural socio-economic development,as well as the quality of life and physical health of rural residents,and to master the health hazards factors of residents.Methods From July 2013 to October 2016,Weifang City conducted a survey and sampling of townships in two counties and cities of Shouguang and Gaomi.Every year,the stratified random sampling method was adopted to select 10 townships,and the relevant data and materials obtained were archived and organized and bound into volumes according to the year and relevant content.Results Out of the 800 households surveyed,among 3104 family members,80 cases experienced diarrhea,68 cases experienced abdominal pain,64 cases experienced fever,and 4 cases experienced new intestinal infectious diseases within 2 weeks.A total of 416 households used gas as fuel,220 households used electricity,124 households used firewood,16 households used coal,and 24 households used natural gas;sanitary toilets account for 25.88%.A total of 1315 water accumulation containers and 370 mosquito larvae containers were found within a 30 meter radius around the surveyed household.A total of 45households found rat tracks and 430 households found flies in residential kitchens.A total of 160 water quality test results showed that the main exceeding items were microbial indicators and disinfectant indicators.One hundred and forty-eight roundworm eggs and 42 live eggs were detected in 29 soil samples.The economic income of 160 villages were mainly based on agriculture,accounting for 89.38%.Conclusion Filing and organizing survey materials and data results could intuitively reflect the improvement of rural environmental health,including the water quality of drinking water and soil hygiene health,as well as the impact status on the health of residents.In order to provide technical and theoretical support for the popularization of harml

关 键 词：卫生工作档案 农村环境卫生 健康危害因素 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学]