基于补偿水头差的沿江口门引排流量计算方法研究  

Calculation method of diversion and drainage discharge through entrances of tributaries to Changjiang River based on compensated water head difference

作　　者：张芮 李寿千[1] 王志力[1] 朱明成[1] 陆彦[1] ZHANG Rui;LI Shouqian;WANG Zhili;ZHU Mingcheng;LU Yan(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《人民长江》2024年第8期187-192,209,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001003);江苏省水利科技项目(2023052)。

摘　　要：长江支流口门多建有节制闸,利用涨落潮过程自行引排水,而引排水流态的复杂性使得引排流量过程难以精准确定。以太湖流域杨林塘口门为例,通过分析引排水调度方式及流态特征,发现涨潮时开启中孔闸门引水,内河侧流态复杂且附近水位差别大,而落潮时开启全部闸门排水,外江侧流态复杂且附近水位有所差别。为此,提出了一种基于补偿水头差的沿江口门引排流量计算方法。该方法通过设置系列补偿水头差修正堰流公式中的水位,统计了计算流量与实测流量偏差值,进而建立了流量偏差值与补偿水头差的相关关系,最终确定适宜的补偿水头差,从而建立适宜沿江口门引排流量计算公式。结果表明:利用该方法预测的引水流量误差减小40%~50%,排水流量误差减小3%~6%。相关经验可供工程设计人员及闸管单位运行管理人员借鉴。There are many control gates at the entrances of tributaries to the Changjiang River,which use the process of flood and ebb tide to divert and drain water by themselves.However,the complexity flow pattern makes it difficult to accurately determine the process of diversion and drainage.Taking the Yanglintang estuary in the Taihu Lake Basin as an example,by analyzing the diversion and drainage scheduling methods and flow characteristics,we find that when the middle-hole gate is opened for water diversion during the flood tide,the flow pattern on the inland river side is complex and the water level near it is quite uneven;when all gates are opened for drainage during the ebb tide,the flow pattern on the outer river side is complex and the water level near is also uneven.Therefore,a calculation method for the diversion and drainage flow process of the estuary along the Changjiang River based on compensating for head difference is proposed.In this method,the water level in the weir flow formula was corrected by setting a series of compensated water head difference,and the deviation value between the calculated flow and the measured flow was counted,and then the correlation between the flow deviation value and the compensated water head difference was established.Finally,the appropriate compensated water head difference was determined,so as to establish a calculation formula suitable for the diversion and discharge process of the gates on the Changjiang River tributaries.The results showed that the error of diversion flow calculated by this method was reduced by 40%~50%,and the error of drainage flow was reduced by 3%~6%.Relevant experiences can be used as reference for engineering designers and operation and maintenance personnel of gate management units.

关 键 词：引排水 补偿水头差 流量过程 涨落潮 太湖流域 长江 

分 类 号：TV61[水利工程—水利水电工程]