折线大斜切挑坎水力特性研究  

Hydraulic characteristics of folding-line large oblique cutting bucket

作　　者：马智 邓军[1] 卫望汝[1] 隆强 MA Zhi;DENG Jun;WEI Wangru;LONG Qiang(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学山区河流保护与治理全国重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《人民长江》2024年第8期193-201,共9页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51939007);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金项目(U23A20668)。

摘　　要：斜切挑坎多被用于泄水建筑物轴线与天然河道互成夹角的工程。然而,当下游河道过于狭窄时,斜切挑坎无法满足水流归槽及消能防冲的要求。为此,在斜切挑坎的基础上提出折线大斜切挑坎。通过模型试验的方法,测量不同折线大斜切挑坎体型在不同来流条件下,挑射水流的扩散情况和下游水垫塘内的底板压力分布,以研究折线大斜切挑坎的水力特性。结果表明:相较于传统斜切挑坎,折线大斜切挑坎既可以实现对挑流水舌水量和入水范围的灵活调整,也可以缓解水垫塘压力分布的不均匀现象。研究结果可为折线大斜切挑坎的工程设计和应用提供一定的参考。Oblique cutting trajectory buckets are used in water conservancy projects whose axis of discharge structure intersects with the natural channel at an angle.However,if the downstream channel is too narrow,the oblique cutting bucket can not meet the requirements of the water flow returning to the channel and the energy dissipation and erosion prevention tasks.For this reason,based on the traditional oblique cutting bucket,a folding-line large oblique cutting bucket was proposed.This article used model experiments to measure the diffusion of water jets and the pressure distribution on the bottom plate in the downstream plunge pool under different inflow conditions for different types of folding-line large oblique cutting buckets,and the hydraulic characteristics of the folding-line large oblique cutting bucket are obtained.The results showed that compared to traditional oblique cutting buckets,the folding-line large oblique cutting bucket can not only flexibly adjust the volume and water-falling position of the jet flow,but also alleviate the uneven distribution of pressure in the plunge pool.The research results can provide a certain reference for the engineering design and application of the folding-line large oblique cutting buckets.

关 键 词：折线大斜切挑坎 空中扩散 水垫塘压力 挑流消能 两河口水电站 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]