坚硬顶板特厚煤层开采矿压显现规律及控制技术研究  

Study on the law and control technology of mining pressure emergence in extremely thick coal seam with hard roof

作　　者：嵇晋囡 JI Jinnan(Shanxi Zezhou Tiantai Yuenan Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jincheng 048021,China)

机构地区：[1]山西泽州天泰岳南煤业有限公司,山西晋城048021

出　　处：《煤矿现代化》2024年第5期56-60,共5页Coal Mine Modernization

摘　　要：针对坚硬顶板特厚煤层开采过程中,临空巷道围岩变形矿压现象剧烈,巷道围岩变形程度较大,支护结构损坏严重现象。以岳南煤矿为工程背景,分析了坚硬顶板特厚煤层采矿临空巷道围岩变形破坏特征及规律。建立FLAC^(3D)数值计算模型,探究了坚硬顶板特厚煤层开采时覆岩应力时空演化规律,揭示了坚硬顶板特厚煤层覆岩力学作用机制。提出了覆岩切顶卸压控制方法,进行了工业性试验。试验结果显示:切顶卸压技术改变超前工作面临空巷道围岩应力环境,有效的切断了侧向覆岩活化的应力传递路径,降低工作面开采超前强采动影响,巷道围压变形得到了有效控制,顶底板最大移近速率由311 mm/d减小至64 mm/d,变形量大幅度降低,有利于矿井安全高效生产。In the mining process of extremely thick coal seam with hard roof,the deformation of surrounding rock of open roadway is severe,the deformation degree of surrounding rock of roadway is large,and the supporting structure is seriously damaged.Taking Yuenan Coal Mine as the engineering background,the paper analyzes the deformation and failure characteristics and rules of the surrounding rock of the open-air roadway in super thick coal seam with hard roof.Based on the FLAC^(3D) numerical model,the temporal and spatial evolution law of overburden stress during the mining of ultra-thick coal seam with hard roof is explored,and the mechanical mechanism of overburden in ultra-thick coal seam with hard roof is revealed.The control method of overburden cutting pressure relief is put forward and the industrial test is carried out.The test results show that:Top cutting and pressure relief technology changes the stress environment of the surrounding rock of the open roadway in advance working face,effectively cuts off the stress transfer path of the lateral overlying rock activation,reduces the influence of strong mining in advance mining of the working face,and effectively controls the confining pressure deformation of the roadway.The maximum moving speed of the top and floor decreases from 311 mm/d to 64 mm/d,and the deformation is greatly reduced.It is conducive to safe and efficient mine production.

关 键 词：坚硬顶板 特厚煤层 临空巷道 围岩控制 

分 类 号：TD322.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]