切顶卸压小煤柱护巷机理与控制技术研究  

Research on mechanism and control technology of small coal column

作　　者：刘明 LIU Ming(Sanyuan Jixiang coal Industry Co.,LTD.Production technology Department,Changzhi 046000,China)

机构地区：[1]三元吉祥煤业有限公司生产技术部,山西长治046000

出　　处：《煤矿现代化》2024年第5期144-148,共5页Coal Mine Modernization

摘　　要：煤矿区段巷道主要采用宽煤柱护巷,宽煤柱容易造成应力集中,引发围岩大变形、岩爆、煤与瓦斯突出等问题;另一方面宽煤柱护巷煤炭采出率低,造成大量的煤炭资源损失。小煤柱护巷容易基本全部进入塑性破裂状态,承载能力低,支护难度大。未了既不浪费煤炭资源,又易于支护。以吉祥煤业153103运输顺槽为工程案例,运用巷道围岩钻孔聚能定向爆破卸压,破坏巷道围岩的完整结构,切断压力向小煤柱传递,使支承压力峰值向巷道围岩深部转移,巷道处于应力降低区内,巷道易于控制。通过定向聚能切顶卸压爆破,可以实现小煤柱护巷,提高了煤炭的回收。The roadway of coal mine section mainly adopts wide coal pillar protection roadway,and wide coal pillar is easy to cause stress concentration,and cause problems such as large deformation of surrounding rock,rock burst,coal and gas outburst;on the other hand,the coal recovery rate of wide coal pillar protection roadway is low,resulting in a large number of coal resource loss.Small coal pillar protection roadway is easy to enter the state of plastic rupture,low bearing capacity and difficult to support.Neither waste of coal resources,and easy to support.Taking Jixiang Coal Industry 153103 transportation channel as the engineering case,the directional blasting of roadway surrounding rock drilling destroys the complete structure of the roadway surrounding rock,and the pressure is cut off to the small coal column,so that the peak support pressure transfers to the deep part of the roadway surrounding rock,the roadway is in the stress reduction area,and the roadway is easy to control.Through directional poly energy cutting and pressure discharge blasting,the small coal pillar can be protected and the coal recovery can be improved.

关 键 词：切顶卸压 小煤柱 定向爆破 聚能管 

分 类 号：TD322.5[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD235.373