尿石症患者饮食管理的最佳证据总结  

Summary of the best evidence for diet management in urolithiasis patients

作　　者：王梦瑶 付沫[2] 黄晶晶 WANG Mengyao;FU Mo;HUANG Jingjing(Department of Urology,Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434020,China;Department of Nursing,Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434020,China.)

机构地区：[1]长江大学附属荆州医院泌尿外科,湖北荆州434020 [2]长江大学附属荆州医院护理部,湖北荆州434020

出　　处：《中国临床护理》2024年第8期498-504,共7页Chinese Clinical Nursing

摘　　要：目的总结尿石症患者饮食管理的相关证据,为临床护理干预提供参考。方法系统检索国内外数据库中有关尿石症患者饮食管理的相关文献。检索时限为建库至2023年5月。采用乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心对应的文献质量评价标准和证据分级系统对文献进行质量评价和证据等级划分。结果共纳入文献13篇,其中临床决策3篇,指南5篇,证据总结1篇,系统评价4篇,最终从风险评估、液体摄入管理、营养素推荐、基于结石成分的特异性预防策略、饮食模式、生活方式管理、团队合作与教育7个方面总结出27条尿石症患者饮食管理的最佳证据。结论本研究总结的最佳证据可为尿石症患者饮食管理提供规范指引,建议医护人员在应用证据时结合临床情境、证据的促进因素、阻碍因素及患者意愿等针对性选择证据,以降低尿石症患者的复发风险,改善患者的临床结局。Objective To summarize the evidence related to dietary management in patients with urolithiasis,so as to provide references for clinical nursing intervention.Methods Studies on dietary management for patients with urolithiasis were searched systematically in domestic and international databases,with the time setting from inception to May 2023.Then the quality evaluation and evidence grading were conducted using the Joanna Briggs institute qualitative assessment and review instrument.Results A total of 13 papers were included,covering 3 clinical decisions,5 guidelines,1 evidence summary,and 4 systematic evaluations.They resulted in the summary of 27 pieces of best evidence for dietary management of urolithiasis patients in such seven areas as risk assessment,fluid management,nutrient recommendations,specific prevention strategies based on stone composition,dietary patterns,lifestyle management,teamwork and education.Conclusion The best evidence summarized in this study can provide standardized guidelines for dietary management of urolithiasis patients.Moreover,it is recommended that healthcare professionals select evidence by taking into account the clinical context,facilitators and impediments of evidence,and patients'wills when applying the evidence to reduce the risk of recurrence and better the clinical outcomes.

关 键 词：尿石症 饮食管理 尿结石 肾结石 液体摄入 循证护理学 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]