宁夏50岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 years old and above in Ningxia

作　　者：宋玲[1] 蒋岸[1] 陈晓颖 张蕴慧 王雪敏[1] 赵立华[1] SONG Ling;JIANG An;CHEN Xiaoying;ZHANG Yunhui;WANG Xuemin;ZHAO Lihua(Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2024年第8期697-700,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析宁夏50岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者的相关特征,为艾滋病防控政策制定提供依据。方法数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统,选取2015-2022年报告中年龄≥50岁的病例,应用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。结果宁夏报告HIV/AIDS患者中≥50岁所占比例从2015年的14.8%上升至2022年31.3%(P<0.05)。2015-2022年共报告≥50岁HIV/AIDS患者643例,其中男性494例(76.8%)、农民296例(46.0%)、已婚456例(70.9%)、小学及以下文化程度314例(48.8%),本省582例(90.5%);传播途径以异性传播为主(79.8%);发现方式以医疗机构检测为主(75.3%);首次CD4细胞计数<350个/μl占33.4%。男性以商业异性性传播为主(46.8%),同性传播占一定比例(18.8%);随着年龄增加离异或丧偶者占比增加,商业异性性传播占比也增加。女性以配偶阳性传播(46.0%)和非婚非商业异性性行为(44.6%)为主;已婚有配偶者配偶阳性传播占比较高(54.7%),离异或丧偶者非婚非商业传播占比较高(65.6%)。全死因报告死亡比例为5.1%,晚发现比例为30.5%。结论2015-2022年宁夏报告50岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者占比逐年增加,人群艾滋病传播方式多样,感染风险持续存在,应加强艾滋病防治知识宣传教育和配偶告知,加大主动检测力度,减少新发感染和二代传播。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 years and over in Ningxia,and to provide the scientific evidences for the formulation of AIDS prevention and control policies.Methods The data of HIV/AIDS patients aged≥50 years old from 2015 to 2022 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.SPSS 21.0 software was used for analysis.Results The proportion of HIV/AIDS patients aged≥50 years reported in Ningxia increased from 14.8%in 2015 to 31.3%in 2022(P<0.05).From 2015 to 2022,643 HIV/AIDS patients aged≥50 years old were reported,including 494 males(76.8%),296 peasants(46.0%),456 married(70.9%),314 with primary school education or below(48.8%),and 582 in this province(90.5%).The main route of transmission was heterosexual(79.8%),the discovery method mainly relied on medical institution testing(75.3%),the first CD4 cell count<350/μl(33.4%).Commercial heterosexual transmission was the most prevalent in males(46.8%),the same-sex transmission accounted for a certain proportion(18.8%).The main sexual behaviors of female were spousal transmission(46.0%)and non-marital non-commercial heterosexual(44.6%).The proportion of divorced or widowed individuals increased with age and the proportion of commercial heterosexual transmission also increased.The rates of non-marital and non-commercial transmission were higher among married couples(54.7%)and divorced or widowed couples(65.6%).The rate of all-causes reported death was 5.1%(33/643),and the rate of late detection was 30.5%(196/643).Conclusion From 2015 to 2022,the proportion of HIV/AIDS patients aged≥50 years in Ningxia increase year by year.The transmission modes of HIV/AIDS among the population aged≥50 years in Ningxia are various,and infection risks continue to exist,it is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and education of AIDS prevention and control knowledge and spouse notification,and strengthen the initiative testing,and reduce the new infections and the second generation t

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 艾滋病 流行特征 50岁及以上 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]