民机客舱空调送风方式对CO_(2)传播及通风性能影响的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Air Supply Modes on CO_(2)Transmission and Ventilation Performance in Civil Aircraft Cabin

作　　者：张唯一 于女 钟鸣远 陈燮阳 Zhang Weiyi;Yu Nv;Zhong Mingyuan;Chen Xieyang(College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,211106)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京211106

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2024年第4期491-497,574,共8页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

基　　金：江苏省科研与实践创新计划项目基金(SJCX20-0067)。

摘　　要：利用计算流体力学方法构建A320经济舱7排座数值模型,并对CFD模型进行验证。对顶部送风、混合送风以及置换送风三种空调送风模式进行数值模拟,以CO_(2)作为污染物对比分析飞机客舱通风性能及排污效率。研究发现:顶部送风会使中间乘客吹风感较强,乘客垂直温差约为3K;混合送风的速度场和温度场分布均匀,热舒适性良好;置换送风模式下,乘客周围速度小于0.3m/s,存在温度分层现象,气流运动受到人体热羽流的影响显著。从排污效果看,置换送风会使乘客周围的CO_(2)积聚时间较长,呼吸区平均浓度高出约35%;顶部送风和混合送风的排污效率大小相近。相较于传统空调送风模式,置换送风的排污效率提升了约42.8%,适用于飞机通风结构的优化。The computational fluid dynamics method was used to construct the numerical model of the 7-row of A320 economy class,and the CFD model was validated.Numerical simulations were conducted for three air supply modes:ceiling ventilation,mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation,and CO_(2)was used as a pollutant to compare and analyze cabin ventilation performance and discharge efficiency.It is found that ceiling ventilation will make middle passengers feel more windy,and the vertical temperature difference of passengers is about 3K;the velocity field and temperature field of mixing ventilation are evenly distributed,and the thermal comfort is good.In the displacement ventilation,the surrounding speed of passengers is less than 0.3m/s,there is temperature stratification,and airflow movement is significantly influenced by the plume of human body.In terms of the discharge efficiency,displacement ventilation will make the accumulation of CO_(2)around passengers longer,and the average concentration in breathing zone is about 35%higher,the discharge efficiency of ceiling ventilation and mixing ventilation is similar.Compared with the traditional air supply modes,the discharge efficiency of displacement ventilation is improved by about 42.8%,which is suitable for the optimization of ventilation structure of the aircraft.

关 键 词：飞机客舱 计算流体力学 空调送风模式 排污效率 

分 类 号：V245.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]