小型黄皮西瓜种质资源表型多样性分析与综合评价  

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Mini Yellow-rind Watermelon Germplasm Resources

作　　者：王现丽 党选民[1] 贺滉[1] 詹园凤[1] WANG Xianli;DANG Xuanmin;HE Huang;ZHAN Yuanfeng(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,CATAS/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair,Haikou 571101)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点开放实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2024年第18期35-41,共7页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：海南省科技专项资助(ZDYF2021XDNY290、ZDYF2022XDNY332);海南省自然科学基金项目(321RC647)。

摘　　要：为明确不同黄皮西瓜种质资源的性状特点与遗传多样性,筛选优异种质,对50份西瓜资源的20个数量性状及4个果实质量性状进行多样性、相关性、聚类分析和灰色关联度分析。结果表明,20个数量性状变异系数6.84%~42.57%,平均变异系数15.83%;遗传多样性指数1.87~2.06,平均1.95。相关性分析表明,果实中心糖、边糖含量均与播种至第1雌花开放天数呈显著正相关;果实质量与主蔓粗度、果皮厚度呈极显著正相关。50份西瓜种质资源在欧氏距离为9.5处划分为3个类群。基于等权和加权关联度对50份资源进行评价,筛选出9份优良种质资源。综上,50份西瓜种质资源遗传多样性丰富,育种选择基础广,综合分析筛选出的XG0799、XG0823、XG0732等优良种质可作为育种基础材料,用于种质创制和品种改良。In order to clarify the trait character and genetic diversity of different yellow-rind watermelon germplasm resources and screen excellent germplasm,20 quantitative traits and 4 fruit quality traits of 50 watermelon germplasm resources were analyzed by diversity analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 20 quantitative traits ranged from 6.84%to 42.57%,the average coefficient of variation was 15.83%and the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.87 to 2.06 with the average of 1.95.Correlation analysis showed that the contents of central sugar and marginal sugar in watermelon flesh were significantly positively correlated with the days from sowing to first female flowering.The fruit weight was significantly positively correlated with the main vine diameter and fruit rind thickness.The 50 watermelon germplasm resources were divided into 3 groups at the Euclidean distance of 9.5 by cluster analysis.Through grey correlation analysis,9 excellent germplasm resources were screened out.In summary,50 watermelon germplasm resources had abundant genetic diversity and wide breeding selection basis.XG0799,XG0823,XG0732 and other excellent resources selected by comprehensive analysis could be used as basic materials for germplasm creation and cultivars improvement.

关 键 词：黄皮西瓜 种质资源 多样性 相关性 灰色关联度分析 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]