湖南借母溪国家级自然保护区蝶类多样性及区系分析  

Diversity and Fauna Analysis of Butterfly Species in the Jiemuxi National Nature Reserve,Hunan Province

作　　者：宁帅军 何静 周琼[1] 陈湘颖 王鑫桐 何叶 NING Shuai-jun;HE Jing;ZHOU Qiong;CHEN Xiang-ying;WANG Xin-tong;HE Ye(College of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,中国长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南师范大学自然科学学报》2024年第4期132-142,共11页Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：生态环境部—生物多样性保护专项(SDZXWJZ01074-2018);湖南借母溪国家级自然保护区综合科学考察项目(0531220-1865);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(QL20230127);湖南省研究生联合培养基地项目(湘教通346号)。

摘　　要：为掌握湖南借母溪国家级自然保护区的蝶类多样性,于2022—2023年采用样线法,对借母溪的10条样线进行系统调查,并对不同生境和类群的蝴蝶进行物种多样性和区系分析。根据调查结果,在借母溪国家自然保护区共记录蝶类127种,隶属于5科77属。其中,蛱蝶科物种最丰富(70种,占55.12%),其次为灰蝶科(23种,占18.11%),另外还记录弄蝶科15种(占11.81%)、凤蝶科11种(占8.66%)、粉蝶科8种(占6.30%)。不同样线的蝶类多样性存在差异,其中,陈家溪样线多样性指数最高(3.269),袁耳坪样线多样性指数最低(2.033)。不同蝴蝶类群中,多样性指数以蛱蝶科最高(2.838),凤蝶科最低(1.579);丰富度指数以蛱蝶科最高(10.170),粉蝶科最低(1.006);优势度指数则粉蝶科(0.362)最高,蛱蝶科最低(0.256)。各样线的优势种类随生境和植被的不同而有差异,菜粉蝶Pieris rapae Linnaeus、完璧矍眼蝶Ypthima perfecta Leech、宽边黄粉蝶Eurema hecabe Linnaeus、酢浆灰蝶Pseudozizeeria maha Kollar、飞龙粉蝶Talbotia nagana Moore、波蚬蝶Zemeros flegyas Cramer、蓝凤蝶Papilio protenor Cramer等分别为不同样线和不同季节的优势种;另外,菜粉蝶为借母溪自然保护区的优势种。区系分析结果表明,借母溪国家级自然保护区的蝴蝶以东洋种最多,有75种(占59.06%);广布种次之,有50种(占39.37%),古北种仅2种(占1.57%)。该研究结果可以为借母溪国家级自然保护区蝶类资源的保护和利用提供基础资料,同时为保护区的管理和自然资源保护利用提供参考。In order to understand the butterfly species diversity in the Jiemuxi National Nature Reserve in Hunan province,we conducted a systematic survey of butterfly species in 10 different habitats in Jiemuxi using the transect line method from 2022 to 2023,and analyzed the species diversity and fauna of butterflies in different habitats and groups.According to the survey results,a total of 127 butterfly species were recorded in the Jiemuxi National Nature Reserve,belonging to 5 families and 77 genera.Among them,the Nymphalidae was the most abundant(70 species,accounting for 55.12%),followed by the Lycaenidae(23 species,accounting for 18.11%).In addition,15 species of Hesperiidae(11.81%),11 species of Papilionidae(8.66%)and 8 species of Pieridae(6.30%)were recorded.There were differences in the butterfly diversity among different transect lines,with the Chenjiaxi and Yuan erping lines having the highest diversity index(3.269)and the lowest diversity index(2.033),respectively.Among various butterfly groups,the diversity index was the highest in the Nymphalidae(2.838)and the lowest in the Papilionidae(1.579),the richness index was the highest in the Nymphalidae(10.170)and the lowest in the Pieridae(1.006),and the dominance index was the highest in the Pieridae(0.362)and the lowest in the Nymphalidae(0.256).The dominant species in each transect line varied with the habitat and vegetation.The dominant species in different transect lines and seasons were Pieris rapae Linnaeus,Ypthima perfecta Leech,Eurema hecabe Linnaeus,Pseudozizeeria maha Kollar,Talbotia nagana Moore,Zemeros flegyas Cramer,Papilio protenor Cramer,and others.Additionally,the Pieris rapae Linnaeus was the dominant species in the Jiemuxi National Nature Reserve.Results of the faunal analysis show that the butterfly species in the Jiemuxi National Nature Reserve were the most abundant in the Oriental species,with 75 species(59.06%),the Widely distributed species came in the second place,with 50 species(39.37%),and only 2 species(1.57%)were the Palaearctic spec

关 键 词：借母溪国家级自然保护区 蝴蝶 物种多样性 生境 优势种 

分 类 号：Q968.2[生物学—昆虫学]