采前水分处理对杏李‘风味皇后’裂果及果实品质的影响  

Effect of pre-harvest moisture treatments on fruit cracking and fruit quality of Prunus domestica×armeniaca‘Fengweihuanghou’

作　　者：罗莎莎 王如月 甄紫怡 吴嘉龙 虎海防 徐业勇[4] 巴合提牙尔·克热木 孙雅丽[4] LUO Shasha;WANG Ruyue;ZHEN Ziyi;WU Jialong;HU Haifang;XU Yeyong;Bahetiyaer Keremu;SUN Yali(School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;National Long-term Scientific Research Base of Fruit Tree Science,Wensu 843000,Xinjiang,China;School of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Forestry Academy,Urumqi 830063,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆佳木果树学国家长期科研基地,新疆温宿843000 [3]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]新疆林业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第2期81-90,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区林业发展补助资金(林草科技)项目(XJLYKJ-2023-11);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(ZYYD2022B15)。

摘　　要：【目的】降低新疆杂交杏李的裂果率,提高果实品质与产量,为完善新疆杂交杏李的科学高效栽培技术提供参考。【方法】通过设置采前3个灌水时间(采前24 d、采前17 d、采前10 d)和2个灌水量(每小区80、120 m^(3))及对照处理,分析采前水分处理对果实裂果率及品质的影响,运用主成分分析法对各处理的果实品质进行综合评价,探究杂交杏李‘风味皇后’适宜的灌水时间及灌水量。【结果】裂果率与果实含水量、土壤含水量正相关,相关系数分别为0.524、0.489;与细胞壁含量显著负相关,相关系数为-0.509;与果皮钙含量和果肉钙含量极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.703、-0.607。缺钙和细胞壁含量低容易引起裂果。果皮钙含量与裂果率的直接通径系数最大,土壤含水量与裂果率的间接通径系数最大。主成分分析结果表明,对第1主成分贡献率值较大的指标为可溶性固形物含量、硬度、钙含量、可溶性糖含量,对第2主成分贡献率值较大的指标为维生素C含量、纤维素含量、可溶性糖含量,对第3主成分贡献率值较大的为游离脯氨酸含量、纤维素含量、钙含量。3个主成分的累计贡献率为91.917%。【结论】采前24 d灌水80 m^(3)处理下果实品质最优,综合得分为2.01分,裂果率最低(26%)。【Objective】To reduce the cracking rate of Xinjiang hybrid apricot and plum,improve fruit quality and yield,and provide reference for improving the scientific and efficient cultivation techniques of Xinjiang Prunus domestica×armeniaca.【Method】By setting 3 pre-harvest irrigation times(24 days,17 days,and 10 days)and 2 irrigation amounts(80 and 120 m^(3) per plot)and control treatments,the impact of pre-harvest water treatment on fruit cracking rate and quality was analyzed.Principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the fruit quality of each treatment,and the suitable irrigation time and amount for hybrid apricot and plum‘Fengweihuanghou’were explored.【Result】The cracking rate was positively correlated with fruit moisture content and soil moisture content,with correlation coefficients of 0.524 and 0.489,respectively;There was a significant negative correlation with cell wall content,with a correlation coefficient of-0.509;There is a highly significant negative correlation between the calcium content in fruit peel and flesh,with correlation coefficients of-0.703 and-0.607,respectively.Lack of calcium and low cell wall content easily caused fruit cracking.The direct path coefficient between fruit peel calcium content and fruit cracking rate was the highest,while the indirect path coefficient between soil moisture content and fruit cracking rate was the highest.The results of principal component analysis showed that the indicators with higher contribution rates to the first principal component were soluble solid content,hardness,calcium content,and soluble sugar content.The indicators with higher contribution rates to the second principal component were vitamin C content,cellulose content,and soluble sugar content.The indicators with higher contribution rates to the third principal component were free proline content,cellulose content,and calcium content.The cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components was 91.917%.【Conclusion】The optimal fruit quality was ac

关 键 词：杂交杏李 采前水分处理 裂果率 果实品质 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]