不同环剥处理对‘金艳’猕猴桃光合特性及果实品质的影响  

Effects of different girdling treatments on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit

作　　者：王斯妤 杨思潮 陈钱 涂贵庆 张萌 徐超 陈东元[1] 金玲莉[1] WANG Siyu;YANG Sichao;CHEN Qian;TU Guiqing;ZHANG Meng;XU Chao;CHEN Dongyuan;JIN Lingli(Institute of Horticulture,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China;Modern Agricultural Technology Service Center of Fengxin County,Yichun 330700,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院园艺研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西省奉新县现代农业技术服务中心,江西宜春330700

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第2期122-130,144,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202219,JXSNKYJCRC202327);江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(JXARS-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同环剥处理对‘金艳’猕猴桃叶片不同阶段光合特性和猕猴桃成熟期果实产量、品质的影响,筛选综合表现优良的环剥方式。【方法】以9年生‘金艳’猕猴桃为试材,在盛花期和花后80~90 d进行一次和二次环剥、单层闭合和双层反向不闭合环剥、宽度5 mm和9 mm,在树干离地1 m处进行环剥,以不环剥为对照(CK),测定环剥后10、35、70d时叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率及成熟期果实的产量和品质,综合分析不同处理对叶片光合特性及果实发育的影响。【结果】各处理均降低了‘金艳’猕猴桃叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率,提高了胞间CO_(2)浓度,对叶片光合作用的负反馈以二次环剥较一次环剥强;除T4、T7、T8外的其他处理均提高单株产量11.93%~30.53%,以T1、T3、T5和T6的商品果率较CK高,均以T5最佳;环剥可提高单果质量5.19%~21.66%,提高果实可溶性固形物含量7.89%~21.26%,对可滴定酸含量无影响;T2、T4、T5提高果实干物质含量分别达18.29%、18.29%、22.04%,T1~T6可溶性糖含量较CK高6.80%~10.76%,T1~T3和T5显著提高了果实抗坏血酸含量9.72%~19.44%,以T5最高。【结论】在盛花期和花后80~90 d分别两次进行环剥,更能促进‘金艳’猕猴桃开花坐果和果实生长,综合评价,以T5对‘金艳’猕猴桃树体生长平衡、提高产量及果实品质的效果最佳。【Objective】The effects of different girdling treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics of‘Jinyan’kiwifruit leaves at different stages and the yield and quality of kiwifruit at maturity stage were explored,in order to screen the girdling method with excellent comprehensive performance.【Method】We measured the photosynthetic characteristics,yield and fruit quality in different periods.‘Jinyan’kiwifruit was used as the test material,eight treatments were set up,including full flowering stage and 80-90 days after flowering,single-layer closed girdling and double-layer reverse unclosed girdling,with widths of 5 mm and 9 mm.Girdling was carried out at 1 m away from the ground,the cambium was cut off without injuring the xylem,and no girdling was used as the control(CK).The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,transpiration rate were measured at 10 d,35 d and 70 d after girdling, and fruit yield and quality were measured at maturity stage, and the effects of different treatments on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit development were comprehensively analyzed.【Result】The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit leaves were significantly decreased, and the intercellular CO_(2) concentration was significantly increased by one-time girdling at full flowering stage, two-time girdling at full flowering stage and 80-90 days after flowering, and the negative feedback of two-time girdling on leaves photosynthesis was better than that of one-time girdling. Except T4, T7 and T8, other girdling treatments significantly increased the yield per plant of ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit by 11.93%-30.53%. The commodity fruit rate of T1, T3, T5 and T6 was higher than that of CK. Girdling treatment could effectively increase the single fruit weight of ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit by 5.19%-21.66%, significantly increase the soluble solids content of fruit by 7.89%-21.26%, and had no effect on the titratable acid content. T2

关 键 词：猕猴桃 环剥 光合特性 产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]