基于热力学分析与响应曲面法研究磷尾矿中钙镁浸出率  

Study on leaching rate of calcium and magnesium from phosphorus tailings based on thermodynamic analysis and response surface method

作　　者：唐东武 叶长文[1] 邓杰[2] 敖芳 TANG Dongwu;YE Changwen;DENG Jie;AO Fang(State Key Laboratory of Geological Hazard Prevention and Geological Environment Protection,Chengdu University ofTechnology,Chengdu 610059,China;Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;China West Construction Academy of Building Materials Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610015,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学,地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所,四川成都610041 [3]中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司,四川成都610015

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2024年第9期98-106,共9页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2023YFS0353,2023YFS0363);四川省中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(2023ZYD0274)。

摘　　要：在回收磷尾矿中钙镁资源时,通常先将尾矿进行煅烧,然后利用浸取工艺浸取尾矿中的钙镁,用于后续资源回收。在煅烧过程中需要让磷尾矿中的白云石尽量分解,而氟磷灰石得到保留。研究利用HSC Chemistry软件进行磷尾矿煅烧热力学分析优化煅烧条件,在尾矿煅烧物浸取钙镁过程中,基于响应曲面法,分析铵钙物质的量比(7∶1~11∶1)、液固质量比(7∶1~9∶1)、反应温度(60~80℃)、反应时间(50~70 min)的交互作用对钙镁浸出率的影响,对钙镁浸出条件进行优化。结果表明,白云石完全分解为CaO、MgO且氟磷灰石不分解的煅烧温度范围为(900~1200℃)。优化钙镁浸出条件:铵钙比物质的量比为10∶1、液固质量比为8∶1、反应温度为71℃、反应时间66 min时获得最佳钙镁的浸出率,分别为92.25%和86.19%。依据优化后的浸出条件,进行多次实验,实验结果为钙浸出率为91.95%、镁浸出率为85.85%。实验结果与优化结果较为接近,证明优化结果较为准确,且通过模拟优化及实验验证,可以看出铵钙比对浸出率的影响较大。In the recovery of calcium and magnesium resources in phosphorus tailings,the tailings are usually calcined firstly,and then the calcium and magnesium in the tailings are leached by leaching process for subsequent resource recovery.In the calcination process,it is necessary to decompose dolomite in phosphorus tailings as much as possible,while the fluorine apatite is retained.In this study,HSC Chemistry software was used to conduct thermodynamic analysis of calcination of phosphorus tailings to optimize calcination conditions.In the process of leaching calcium and magnesium from tailings calcined,based on response surface method,the interaction effects of ammoniacalcium mole ratio(7∶1~11∶1),liquidsolid mass ratio(7∶1~9∶1),reaction temperature(60~80℃)and reaction time(50~70 min)on the leaching rate of calcium and magnesium were analyzed,and the leaching conditions were optimized.The results showed that the calcination temperature range of the dolomite completely decomposed into CaO and MgO and the fluorapatite undecomposed range was(900~1200℃).The optimal leaching rates of calcium and magnesium were 92.25%and 86.19%when ammoniacalcium mole ratio was 10∶1,liquidsolid mass ratio was 8∶1,reaction temperature was 71℃and reaction time was 66 min,respectively.According to the optimized leaching conditions,several experiments were carried out,and the experimental results showed that the leaching rate of calcium was 91.95%and that of magnesium was 85.85%.The experimental results were close to the optimization results,which proved that the optimization results were more accurate,and through simulation optimization and experimental verification,it could be seen that the ammoniumcalcium ratio had a greater impact on the leaching rate.

关 键 词：磷尾矿 热力学分析 响应曲面法 钙镁浸出 煅烧 

分 类 号：TQ126.3[化学工程—无机化工]