不同红椿家系苗期及幼林期在江汉平原的生长表现分析  

Analysis of growth performance of different families of Toona ciliata at seedling stage and young forest stage in Jianghan plain

作　　者：张亚东[1] 马林江[1] 樊孝萍 王昌庆 胡建柳 张新叶[1] ZHANG Yadong;MA Linjiang;FAN Xiaoping;WANG Changqing;HU Jianliu;ZHANG Xinye(Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,Hubei,China;Shishou Poplar Research Institute of Hubei Academy of Forestry,Shishou 434400,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075 [2]湖北省林科院石首杨树研究所,湖北石首434400

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第6期11-18,68,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2200304)。

摘　　要：【目的】红椿是湖北的重要乡土树种,但在江汉平原未有天然分布及人工栽培。选择出适宜于江汉平原地区发展的优良红椿家系,为该地区提供珍贵用材树种造林资源。【方法】以湖北恩施地区的17个红椿优树半同胞家系为研究材料,采用随机区组设计,在江汉平原石首市开展平茬后2 a苗期及2 a幼林期对比试验,对不同家系连续4 a胸径(1年生时为地径)、树高和材积性状进行分析比较,开展红椿优良家系早期选择。【结果】不同家系间胸径(地径)和树高性状在所有龄期都存在极显著差异。平茬后自苗期第2年起,后续3 a的所有胸径和树高性状相互间都呈显著或极显著相关。苗期第2年起后续3 a(2020—2022年),红椿家系的胸径、树高及材积性状遗传力皆超过0.85。根据不同家系不同性状的遗传增益大小,以材积增益为主,从17个家系中筛选出3个早期表现优良的家系,即鄂13家系、鄂15家系及鄂06家系,选择强度为17.65%。【结论】3个早期优良家系材积遗传增益均超过群体平均20%,选择强度大,早期生长优势明显,年均胸径生长量2.09 cm,年均树高生长量1.78 m,这些家系将成为湖北江汉平原地区红椿良种选育的重要种质资源。【Objective】Toona ciliata is an important local species in Hubei province,but it has not been naturally distributed and artificially cultivated in the Jianghan plain.In order to select superior families of T.ciliata which are suitable for the Jianghan plain area,and to provide valuable timber tree species afforestation resources for this area.【Method】A comparative afforestation experiment was carried out in Shishou city,which was located in the Jianghan plain,using a randomized block design for 17 T.ciliata superior half-sib families from Enshi area in Hubei province to compare the 2-year seedling stage and 2-year young forest stage,and to carry out the early selection of superior families by analyzing and comparing the characteristics of DBH (the ground diameter was measured in the first year),tree height and volume of different families for 4 consecutive years.【Result】There were significant differences in DBH (ground diameter) and tree height traits among different families at all ages.All DBH and tree height traits in the following 3 years were significantly correlated with each other from the second year of seedling stage.The family heritability of DBH,tree height and volume traits exceeded 0.85 from 2020 to 2022.According to the genetic gain of different traits of different families,mainly by volume gain,3 families with excellent early performance were selected from 17 families,namely E13,E15 and E06 families,with the selection intensity 17.65%.【Conclusion】3 families with excellent early performance were selected from 17 T.ciliata superior half-sib families,whose volume genetic gain exceeded 20% of the population average,with high selection intensity and obvious early growth advantage.The average annual DBH was 2.09 cm and annual tree height was 1.78 m.These families will become important germplasm resources for breeding of improved varieties of T.ciliata in Jianghan plain,Hubei province.

关 键 词：红椿 生长性状 家系选择 江汉平原 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]