红松人工林立地质量评价及生长收获效益  

Site quality evaluation and growth harvest benefit of Pinus koraiensis plantation

作　　者：杨文 陈立新[1] 段文标[1] 沈海龙[1] 于颖[1] YANG Wen;CHEN Lixin;DUAN Wenbiao;SHEN Hailong;YU Ying(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第6期102-111,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目重点专项(2017YFD0600601-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】以中温带湿润气候区东段60年生红松人工林为研究对象,选出最适宜的立地类型组合,并分析主导因子与立木材积及林分蓄积量的生长关系特征,为红松人工林集约化可持续经营提供科学依据。【方法】采用数量化理论Ⅰ模型分析林分生长状况与立地因子的关系,并进行立地质量评价和立地类型划分,利用系统聚类方法划分立地类型等级,对立地评价结果的预测值与调查实测值进行线性拟合确定评价结果的可靠性;引入合适的函数进行优势木树高-胸径非线性拟合;运用冗余分析探究林分密度及土壤化学指标中影响立木生长的主导因子,绘制散点图分析主导因子与林分蓄积量的数量关系特征。【结果】1)基于数量化理论Ⅰ模型共划分了30个立地类型,其中海拔为600~700 m、阴坡、斜坡、厚有机质层和中腐殖质层的立地组合最优,各立地类型的预测值与实测值线性拟合决定系数R^(2)为0.758,P值均在0.001水平显著。2)系统聚类法将立地类型等级划分为5个等级时,Ⅰ~Ⅴ级的立地类型占比依次为13.3%、43.3%、20%、20%、3.33%;3)Richards函数对60年生红松人工林优势木拟合效果最优,RSS、RMSE和R^(2)依次为21.566、0.202和0.886,P值在0.001水平显著,其优势木树高与胸径间的关系为H=24.569 (1-e^(-0.162D))^(5.199);4)株数密度对本研究区域的60年生红松人工林的生长影响最显著(解释比例达54.3%,F=89.2,P=0.002),60年生红松人工林的最大林分蓄积量约为550 m^(3)/hm^(2)。【结论】总体来说,在海拔较低、坡向偏向阴坡、坡度较缓、有机质层及腐殖质层较厚的红松人工林区域的立地质量较高,株数密度对红松人工林生长性状影响最大,并遵循“最终收获量一定法则”,建议适当施肥或调控林分密度进行科学经营。【Objective】Taking the 60-year-old Pinus koraiensis plantation in the eastern section of the humid climate zone of the temperate zone as the research object,the most suitable site type combination was selected.The growth characteristics of dominant factors,standing volume and stand volume were analyzed to provide scientific basis for the intensive and sustainable management of P.koraiensis plantation.【Method】Using the Quantification Theory I model to analyze the relationship between stand growth and site factors,and to evaluate site quality and classify site types.Use systematic clustering method to classify the level of site types.Linear fit the predicted values of the site evaluation results with the measured values of the site survey to determine the reliability of the evaluation results.Using redundancy analysis to explore the dominant factors affecting stand growth in forest density and soil chemical indicators,and analyzing the quantitative relationship between the dominant factors and forest volume by drawing scatter plots.【Result】1) Based on the quantitative theory I model,30 site types were divided,among which the site combination of 600-700 m altitude,shady slope,slope,thick organic matter layer and medium humus layer was the best.The coefficient of determination R~2 of the linear fitting between the predicted value and the measured value of each site type was 0.758,and the P value was significant at the 0.001 level;2) When the site types were classified into five grades by the hierarchical clustering method,the site types of grade Ⅰ-Ⅴ accounted for 13.3%,43.3%,20%,20% and 3.33%;3) Richards function had the best fitting effect on the dominant trees of 60 year old P.koraiensis plantation.RSS,RMSE and R^(2) were 21.566,0.202 and 0.886,respectively.The p value was significant at the level of 0.001.The relationship between height and DBH of dominant trees was H=24.569 (1-e^(-0.162D))^( 5.199);4) The plant number density had the most significant effect on the growth of 60-year-old P.koraiensis

关 键 词：红松 立地类型划分 立地质量评价 数量化理论Ⅰ 冗余分析 林分蓄积量 

分 类 号：S791.247[农业科学—林木遗传育种]