火干扰和黑炭输入对油松林生长季土壤甲烷通量的影响  

Effect of fire disturbance and black carbon input on soil methane flux during growing season of Pinus tabulaeformis forest

作　　者：胡同欣 王玉崧 窦旭 孙奥博 于澄 韩宇 孙龙[1,2] HU Tongxin;WANG Yusong;DOU Xu;SUN Aobo;YU Cheng;HAN Yu;SUN Long(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Forest Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第7期10-20,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001324);中国科协青年托举工程项目(YESS20210370);黑龙江省自然基金优秀青年-联合引导项目(LH2021C012)。

摘　　要：【目的】火干扰作为森林生态系统中一个重要的扰动因子,对森林土壤性质及结构都会产生剧烈作用,而森林土壤又是大气CH_(4)最重要的汇,因此火干扰对森林土壤CH_(4)通量的影响是不可忽视的。同时在林火发生后由于植被的不完全燃烧也会产生大量黑炭。黑炭是一种具有多孔结构的芳香化合物,进入土壤后可以影响土壤孔隙度、pH等理化性质从而改变土壤结构,因此常被用作土壤改良剂减少农田土壤CH_(4)的排放,但对于火后黑炭输入是否可以影响森林土壤CH_(4)通量及其影响因素尚不明确。【方法】以沈阳棋盘山地区油松林作为研究对象,探究火干扰和黑炭输入后土壤CH_(4)的动态变化及其影响因素。【结果】1)火干扰会增加油松林生长季土壤CH_(4)通量,其中重度火烧样地土壤CH_(4)通量显著高于对照样地及轻度火烧样地。2)黑炭输入会降低油松林生长季土壤CH_(4)通量,且随着黑炭输入量的增加,土壤CH_(4)通量降低的幅度也会增加。3)火干扰强度对土壤CH_(4)通量具有直接的极显著正向作用,解释了46.9%(P<0.001);黑炭输入对土壤CH_(4)通量具有直接的显著负向作用,解释了8.8%(P<0.05);MBC和MBN对土壤具有直接的极显著正向作用,分别解释了29.0%、49.3%(P<0.001)。【结论】火干扰会显著增加土壤CH_(4)通量,黑炭输入可以在一定程度上减缓火干扰对土壤CH_(4)通量的影响,并且火干扰和黑炭输入主要通过改变微生物生物量影响土壤CH_(4)通量。研究为如何降低火后温室气体排放,从而改善火烧迹地的生态环境以及火后林下管理提供了理论依据。【Objective】As an important disturbance factor in forest ecosystems,fire disturbance can have drastic effects on both the nature and structure of forest soils,which are the most important sink for atmospheric CH_4,so the effects of fire disturbance on CH_(4) fluxes from forest soils cannot be ignored.At the same time,a large amount of black carbon is produced after fire due to incomplete combustion of vegetation.Black carbon is an aromatic compound with a porous structure,which can affect soil porosity,pH and other physicochemical properties after entering the soil and thus change the soil structure,so it is often used as a soil conditioner to reduce CH_(4) emissions from agricultural soils,but,there is a lack of clarity as to whether post-fire black carbon inputs can affect forest soil CH_(4) fluxes and the factors influencing them.【Method】In this study,we investigated the dynamic changes of soil CH_(4) fluxes and influence factor after fire disturbance and post-fire black carbon inputs using Pinus tabulaeformis forest in Shenyang’s Checkboard Mesa as the research object.【Result】1) The fire disturbance increased soil CH_(4 )fluxes during the growing season in P.tabulaeformis forests,with soil CH_(4) fluxes in the heavily burned sample plots being significantly higher than those in the control sample plots and the lightly burned sample plots.2) Black carbon input decreased soil CH_(4) fluxes during the growing season in P.tabulaeformis forests,and the magnitude of the decreased in soil CH_(4 )fluxes increase with the increase in the amount of black carbon input.3) The fire intensity had a direct and highly significant positive effect on soil CH_(4) fluxes,with a direct and highly significant positive effect on soil CH_(4) fluxes,which explaining 46.9% (P<0.001);Black carbon input had a direct significant negative effect on soil CH_(4) flux,explaining 8.8% (P<0.05);And MBC and MBN hada direct highly significant positive effect on soil,explaining 29.0% and 49.3%,respectively (P<0.001).【Conclusion】F

关 键 词：甲烷 火干扰 黑炭 微生物生物量 

分 类 号：S762.1[农业科学—森林保护学]