某铁矿选矿车间噪声暴露致听力损失的定量风险评估及防护措施  

Quantitative Risk Assessment and Protective Measures of Noise-induced Hearing Loss in a Ore Beneficiation Workshop of an Iron Mine

作　　者：胡志 王迅[4] 付学好 HU Zhi;WANG Xun;FU Xuehao(Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines;National Engineering Research Center of Huawei High Efficiency Cyclic Utilization Metall Mineral Resources Co.,Ltd.;Nanshan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Anhui Magang Mining Resources Group)

机构地区：[1]中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司,安徽省马鞍山市243000 [2]金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室 [3]华唯金属矿产资源高效循环利用国家工程研究中心有限公司 [4]安徽马钢矿业资源集团南山矿业有限公司

出　　处：《现代矿业》2024年第8期195-199,共5页Modern Mining

摘　　要：为了有效控制某铁矿噪声危害,针对其选矿车间岗位噪声暴露水平对工人听力损失影响程度问题,在对该选矿车间岗位噪声暴露水平研究的基础上,采用定量风险评估方法,以噪声暴露时间和暴露强度作为自变量因素,各岗位发生高频听阈损失和职业性噪声聋的风险作为因变量因素,确定了该选矿车间各岗位噪声暴露致听力损失的风险大小。研究结果表明:选矿车间噪声暴露强度为86.4~94.6 dB(A),超过职业接触限值要求。在未使用护耳器的情况下,暴露时间30 a,球磨工(一段)、球磨工(二段)、破运工(细碎)、钳工岗位发生高频听力损失的风险为21.3%~31.0%,发生职业性噪声聋的风险为2.7%~12.7%,均为较高风险,其余岗位为可忽略的风险或中等风险,在使用护耳器的情况下,各岗位发生噪声聋的风险为可接受或可忽略的风险。建议该选矿车间采取隔声降噪措施,改善工作环境,并加强个体防护水平,以降低劳动者噪声暴露风险。In order to effectively control the noise hazard of an iron mine,aiming at the problem of the influence degree of the noise exposure level on workers'hearing loss in ore dressing workshop,based on the study of noise exposure level in ore dressing workshop,the quantitative risk assessment method is used to determine the risk of hearing loss caused by noise exposure in each post of ore dressing workshop,with noise exposure time and the exposure intensity as independent variables,and the risk of high frequency hearing loss and occupational noise deafness in each post as dependent variables.The results show that the noise exposure intensity of ore dressing workshop is 86.4 to 94.6 dB(A),which exceeds the occupational ex⁃posure limit.In the absence of ear protectors,after 30 years of exposure,the risk of high-frequency hearing loss is 21.3%to 31.0%in the ball miller(one stage),the ball miller(two stage),breaker(fine crushing)and fitter positions,and the risk of occupational noise deafness is 2.7%to 12.7%,all of which are high risks.The remaining positions are negligible or moderate risks.In the case of using ear protectors,the risk of noise deafness in each position is acceptable or negligible.It is suggested that the mineral processing work⁃shop should adopt sound insulation and noise reduction measures to improve the working environment and strengthen the individual protection level,so as to reduce the noise exposure risk of workers.

关 键 词：选矿车间 噪声 听力损失 风险评估 

分 类 号：TD928[矿业工程—选矿] TB53[理学—物理]