昆明市冰雹灾害特征及路径研究  

RESEARCH ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHS OF HAIL DISASTER IN KUNMING CITY

作　　者：王菲 王占良 潘娅婷 WANG Fei;WANG Zhanliang;PAN Yating(Kunming Meteorological Bureau,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市气象局,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南地理环境研究》2024年第3期63-70,共8页Yunnan Geographic Environment Research

基　　金：云南省气象局基层台站气象科技创新与能力提升计划项目(STIAP)“雷达数据识别冰雹、风暴产品研发”.

摘　　要：利用近10年的冰雹灾情、Micaps天气形势资料及新一代多普勒天气雷达资料,分析昆明市冰雹灾害特征、路径以对应的天气形势,结果表明:昆明市冰雹灾害空间分布上呈北多南少,山区多平地少的特点;6—8月是冰雹灾害发生的高峰期,7月下旬和8月上旬为冰雹灾害高发时段,15—17时是冰雹灾害高发时次。昆明主要有偏东、西南、西北3条冰雹灾害移动路径,影响移动路径的环流形式主要有两高辐合型、低槽型、南支槽型、热带低压型、副高东退型。根据烤烟等农作物种植分布情况和冰雹灾害移动路径,可合理优化人工防雹作业点的布局,有效增强应对冰雹灾害的防御能力。Based on the hail disasters in the past 10 years,MICAPS weather situation data and the new generation of Doppler weather radar data,the characteristics,paths and corresponding weather situations of flue-cured tobacco hail disasters in Kunming were analyzed.The results showed that the spatial distribution of hail disasters in Kunming was more in the north than in the south,more in the mountainous area than in the flat land.June to August was the peak period of hail disasters,late July and early August were the high-occurrence periods of hail disasters,and 15∶00—17∶00 was the high-occurrence time of hail disasters.Statistics showed that Kunming mainly had three hail disaster moving paths:eastward,southwest and northwest.The circulation forms affecting the moving paths were mainly two high convergence type,low trough type,south branch trough type,tropical low pressure type and subtropical high east retreat type.According to the distribution of flue-cured tobacco and other crops and the hail disaster moving paths in the city,the configuration of artificial hail control operation points could be reasonably optimized to effectively enhance the defense ability against hail disasters.

关 键 词：昆明市 冰雹灾害 防雹作业 农业气象 

分 类 号：P426.64[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] S427[农业科学—植物保护]