表面活性剂材料在油田开发中的影响研究  

Research on Influence of Surfactant Materials on Oilfield Development

作　　者：霍雅迪 HUO Yadi(Dagang Oilfield Petroleum Engineering Research Institute,Tianjin 300450,China)

机构地区：[1]大港油田石油工程研究院,天津300450

出　　处：《当代化工》2024年第8期1865-1869,共5页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：中石油科技创新基金项目(项目编号:2021D-5009-0238)。

摘　　要：由于中国大多数老油田的资源枯竭,因此在油田开发过程中大多已经发展到三次采油。三次采油的好处在于在一定程度上可以保证低孔渗储层的油气开发能力,但是三次采油的效率多数取决于化学采油表面活性剂的性能。表面活性剂在促进油田开发方面主要取决于以下几个性能参数:微乳液的形成、超低界面张力(IFT)和表面活性剂的吸附性。前2个参数与油气开发效率呈正向关系,表面活性剂的吸附性与油气开发效率呈反向关系,微乳液的形成因其低界面张力(IFT)值和较高的黏度而非常适合油田开发中表面活性剂的使用。在研究中,使用粒度分析仪研究了乳液的尺寸、液体-液体吸收过程以及表面活性剂液滴内油滴的截留。在研究表面活性剂在储层岩石上的吸附机理时,通过郎格缪尔和福伦德利希等温线研究吸附过程以了解吸附现象。结果表明:表面活性剂驱油过程中吸附遵循福伦德利希等温线,且为化学吸附现象。因为表面活性剂分子被岩石表面一层又一层地吸附,所以在化学吸附现象中吸附率很高。因为碱在与表面活性剂相互作用之前阻塞了黏土矿物颗粒的活性位点,因此二者结合会减少表面活性剂的吸附,吸附等温线为郎格缪尔型,为物理吸附作用。研究结果证实可以通过改变表面活性剂材料,提升化学吸附效率,来提高表面活性剂驱的有效性。Due to the depletion of resources in most of China's old oil fields,most of them have already developed into tertiary oil recovery during oilfield development.The advantage of tertiary oil recovery is that it can to some extent ensure the oil and gas development capacity of low porosity and permeability reservoirs.However,the efficiency of tertiary oil recovery mostly depends on the performance of chemical oil recovery surfactants.Surfactants in promoting oilfield development mainly depend on the following performance parameters:formation of micro lotion,ultra-low interfacial tension(IFT)and adsorption of surfactants.The first two parameters have a positive relationship with oil and gas development efficiency,and the adsorption of surfactant has a negative relationship with oil and gas development efficiency.The formation of micro lotion is very suitable for the use of surfactant in oil field development because of its low interfacial tension(IFT)value and high viscosity.In this study,particle size analyzer was used to study the size of lotion,the liquid-liquid absorption process and the interception of oil droplets in surfactant droplets.During studying the adsorption mechanism of surfactants on reservoir rocks,Langmuir and Friedrich isotherms were used to study the adsorption process and understand the adsorption phenomenon.The results showed that the adsorption process of surfactants during oil recovery followed the Freundlich isotherm and was a chemical adsorption phenomenon.Because surfactant molecules were adsorbed layer by layer on the surface of rocks,the adsorption rate was high in chemical adsorption phenomena.Because alkali blocked the active sites of clay mineral particles before interacting with surfactants,the combination of the two reduced the adsorption of surfactants.The adsorption isotherm was Langmuir type,indicating physical adsorption.The research result has confirmed that the effectiveness of surfactant flooding can be improved by changing the surfactant material to enhance chemical adsorpti

关 键 词：油田开发 表面活性剂 化学采油 十二烷基磺酸钠 等温线 

分 类 号：TQ047[化学工程] TE245[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]