尘肺病以及肺结核患者采用X线技术进行诊断的效果与特征  

The effect and characteristics of X-ray diagnosis for pneumoconiosis and pulmonary tuberculosis

作　　者：赵岳[1] Zhao Yue(Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2024年第17期95-97,共3页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探究X线技术在肺结核与尘肺病疾病诊断中的应用效果.方法 选取长沙市疾控中心2019年5月-2021年5月诊断尘肺病患者30例作为观察1组,同期接受诊断的肺结核患者30例为观察2组,并将同期收治的尘肺病合并肺结核患者30例为观察3组.三组研究对象均接受X线诊断,对比观察三组研究对象X线诊断效果以及不同肺部疾病具体表现特征差异.结果 在X线胸片检查中会发现,观察1组患者有肺门阴影、肺纹理异常、胸膜改变等表现;观察2组患者有血行播散型常见腺泡样结节表象,多呈现为花瓣样;观察3组研究对象中Ⅱ期患者胸片双侧肺野小结节影像表现同急性粟粒型表现较为相似.观察1组与观察2组中血行播散型肺结核患者影像学表现存在统计学差异(χ^(2)=4.126、8.711、5.714,P<0.05);观察三组研究对象存在伴空洞情况影像学表现差异发现,三组研究对象在薄壁空洞、厚壁空洞及平均空洞直径上存在统计学差异(χ^(2)=15.807,t=14.845,P<0.05).结论 尘肺病、肺结核两种肺部常见疾病在X线检查上存在一定的相似性,若未能进行确切性诊断会造成误诊、漏诊情况发生,借助胸片检查能够综合分析存在的临床表现差异,需要在阅片时引起重视,做出正确的诊断,为疾病后续治疗提供方案和对策.Ob jective To explore the application effect of X-ray technology in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumoconiosis.Methods 30 cases of pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by CDC from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected as observation group 1,30 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients diagnosed during the same period were selected as observation group 2,and 30 cases of pneumoconiosis patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted during the same period were selected as observation group 3.All the subjects in the three groups received X-ray diagnosis,and the X-ray diagnosis effect and the specific characteristics of different pulmonary diseases were compared and observed.Results In chest X-ray examination,it was found that patients in group 1 had pulmonary hilar shadow,abnormal lung texture and pleural changes.Observation 2 groups of patients with hematogenous disseminated acinar nodules common appearance,mostly presented as petals;the imaging findings of bilateral pulmonary nodules in the chest film of stage II patients in the 3 groups were similar to those of acute miliary type.The imaging findings of patients with hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis in observation group 1 and observation group 2 were statistically different(x=4.126,8.711,5.714,P<0.05).The difference in imaging findings of subjects with voids among the three groups was observed,and it was found that there were statistical differences in thin-walled voids,thick-walled voids and average voids diameter among the three groups(x°=15.807,=14.845,P<0.05).Conclusion X-ray examination of pneumoconiosis and pulmonary tuberculosis is similar to some extent,and failure to make an exact diagnosis will result in misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.Chest X-ray examination can comprehensively analyze the differences in clinical manifestations,and it is necessary to pay attention when reading the film,make a correct diagnosis,and provide plans and countermeasures for the follow-up treatment of the disease.

关 键 词：尘肺病 肺结核 X线技术 鉴别诊断 表现特征 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]