多晶X射线衍射在石油炼制与化工催化剂研究中的应用  

Application of Powder X-Ray Diffraction in the Research of Petroleum Refiningand Chemical Catalysts

作　　者：忻睦迪 付颖 黄南贵 邱丽美 徐广通 XIN Mudi;FU Ying;HUANG Nangui;QIU Limei;XU Guangtong(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第5期1385-1396,共12页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司项目(R22001)基金资助。

摘　　要：在石油化工领域,多晶X射线衍射是一种最有效、应用最广泛的研究催化材料晶体结构的分析方法。简要介绍了X射线衍射技术的基本原理。重点从物相定性/定量分析对催化材料组成确定、相对结晶度的现行标准及其对分子筛水热环境下结构变化的研究、晶胞参数的现行标准及其对催化活性中心的辨识、晶粒大小测定方法及其对反应扩散的影响等多个方面综述了近年来X射线衍射基础方法在石油炼制与化工催化剂研究中的应用,并阐明了这些方法的注意事项及适用范围。此外,介绍了中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司在该领域取得的研究进展。并对X射线衍射技术在技术升级、机器学习、原位表征及联用技术等4个方面的发展进行了展望。In the petrochemical field,powder X-ray diffraction is one of the most effective and widely used analytical method for the crystal structure of catalytic materials.The paper briefly introduces the history and basic principles of X-ray diffraction technology,reviews the application of basic powder X-ray diffraction methods in the research of catalysts in petroleum refining and chemical engineering during recent years,mainly including the determination of the composition of catalytic materials through qualitative/quantitative phase analysis,the current standards of relative crystallinity and their applications on structural changes of zeolites in hydrothermal environments,the current standards of unit cell parameters and their identifications on catalytic active centers,as well as grain size determination methods and their impacts on reaction diffusion,and also clarifies the precautions and scope of the application when using these methods.Furthermore,the main research progresses in powder X-ray diffraction from the SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.are elucidated.Finally,future prospects for the development of X-ray diffraction technology in terms of technology upgrading,machine learning,in-situ characterization and combined technology are prospected.

关 键 词：多晶X射线衍射 炼油与化工催化剂 定性相分析 定量相分析 相对结晶度 晶胞参数 晶粒大小 

分 类 号：TE622[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]