不同年龄段儿童手足口疫苗的保护性免疫丧失情况调查  

Investigation on the loss of protective immunity with hand-foot-mouth vaccine in children of different ages

作　　者：吴扬扬 WU Yang-yang(Disease Prevention and Control Center of Licheng District,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田市荔城区疾病预防控制中心,351100

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2024年第16期156-159,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

摘　　要：目的本研究旨在调查不同年龄段儿童手足口疫苗的保护性免疫丧失情况,特别关注肠道病毒71型(EV71)抗体水平,以帮助更好地了解儿童的免疫状态。方法收集进行健康体检的100例儿童的血清样本,通过酶联免疫法检测其血清中的EV71抗体[免疫球蛋白G(IgG)及免疫球蛋白M(IgM)]水平,并对比不同年龄段儿童血清学EV71抗体检测情况。结果100例儿童检测EV71-IgG抗体阳性率60.0%(60/100),EV71-IgM抗体阳性率7.0%(7/100);男童、女童IgG抗体阳性率均为30.0%(30/100),男童IgM抗体阳性率为2.0%(2/100),女童IgM抗体阳性为5.0%(5/100)。3~5岁儿童IgM抗体阳性率为6.7%(2/30),IgG抗体阳性率为50.0%(15/30);5~6岁儿童IgM抗体阳性率为6.7%(2/30),IgG抗体阳性率为66.7%(20/30);6~7岁儿童IgM抗体阳性率为7.5%(3/40),IgG抗体阳性率为62.5%(25/40)。不同年龄段儿童IgM抗体、IgG抗体阳性率对比不存在统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论3~7岁的儿童相对易感于EV71感染,这一发现强调了日常对儿童手足口病(HFMD)预防工作的重要性,以及提高疫苗接种率的紧迫性,这些措施将有助于降低儿童感染EV71的风险,减少HFMD的发病率,从而维护儿童的健康和公共卫生。Objective To investigate the loss of protective immunity with hand-foot-mouth vaccine in children of different ages,with a particular focus on Enterovirus 71(EV71)antibody levels to help better understand the immune status of children.Methods Serum samples were collected from 100 children who underwent health checkups,and their serum levels of EV71 antibodies[immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)]were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,and the serological detection of EV71 antibody in children of different ages was compared.Results In 100 children,the positive rate of EV71-IgG antibody was 60.0%(60/100)and the positive rate of EV71-IgM antibody was 7.0%(7/100).The positive rate of IgG antibody in both boys and girls was 30.0%(30/100);the positive rate of IgM antibody in boys was 2.0%(2/100),and the positive rate of IgM antibody in girls was 5.0%(5/100).The IgM positive rate was 6.7%(2/30)and IgG positive rate was 50.0%(15/30)in children aged 3-5 years.The IgM positive rate was 6.7%(2/30)and IgG positive rate was 66.7%(20/30)in children aged 5-6 years.The IgM positive rate was 7.5%(3/40)and IgG positive rate was 62.5%(25/40)in children aged 6-7 years.There was no significant difference in the positive rates of IgM and IgG antibodies in children of different age groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Children aged 3-7 years are relatively susceptible to EV71 infection,and this finding underscores the importance of routine prevention efforts for hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in children and the urgency of increasing vaccination rates,which will help to reduce the risk of EV71 infection in children and reduce the incidence of HFMD,thereby safeguarding children's health and public health.

关 键 词：不同年龄段 儿童 手足口疫苗 保护性免疫丧失 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]