光学法水质在线监测系统在突发污染事件中的应用潜力评估  

作　　者：杜正 吴梦青 周熙 范丽 杨程芳 

机构地区：[1]杭州市余杭生态环境监测站,浙江杭州311100 [2]杭州希玛诺光电技术股份有限公司,浙江杭州310022

出　　处：《环境保护与循环经济》2024年第8期62-68,共7页environmental protection and circular economy

摘　　要：在突发性水污染事件中,水质实时监测能力至关重要,它可以帮助及早发现污染源、评估污染程度以及采取相应的应对措施。光学法水质在线分析技术近几年发展迅速,通过在杭州市余杭塘河岸边建设光学法水质在线监测站,从仪表测量准确度、野外长期运行情况和实验室模拟突发性水污染事件中的仪表表现,对光学法水质在线分析仪表进行考察和评估。结果表明:通过联用多种光谱技术,可以基本实现现实应用场景下河道水质的准确测量;光学法水质仪表已达到长期野外稳定连续运行要求;水质监测结果的突变与降雨存在一定的相关性,仪表能够及时捕捉河道水质变化;光学法水质仪表能够实时反映水中污染变化情况,具有在突发性水污染事件中应用的潜力和重要性。在实际复杂的应用环境下,光学法水质在线仪表的提前预警能力和可靠性有待进一步验证和提高。光学法水质在线分析仪表相比化学法水质在线仪表具备实时响应性、测量准度高、仪表可校正和仪表可扩展性等优点,是未来水质分析的重点发展方向之一。In sudden water pollution incidents,the ability to monitor water quality in real-time is crucial,as it can help identify pollution sources,assess pollution levels,and take corresponding response measures as soon as possible.The online analysis technology of optical water quality has developed rapidly in recent years.In this study,a set of optical water quality online monitoring stations was built on the banks of Yuhangtang River in Hangzhou City.The optical water quality online analysis instruments were inspected and evaluated from the accuracy of instrument measurement,long-term operation in the field,and instrument performance in laboratory simulation of sudden water pollution events.The results indicate that by combining multiple spectral techniques,accurate measurement of river water quality in real-world application scenarios can be basically achieved.The optical water quality instrument has met the requirements for long-term stable and continuous operation in the field;there is a certain correlation between the sudden changes in water quality monitoring results and rainfall,and instruments can timely capture changes in river water quality;optical water quality instruments can reflect real-time changes in water pollution,and have the potential and importance of application in sudden water pollution events.Of course,in practical complex application environments,the early warning ability and reliability of optical water quality online instruments need further verification and improvement.Compared with chemical water quality online instruments,optical water quality online analysis instruments have advantages such as real-time responsiveness,high measurement accuracy,instrument calibration,and instrument scalability,making them one of the key development directions for future water quality analysis.

关 键 词：突发性水污染事件 水质在线监测 光学法 光谱技术 

分 类 号：X507[环境科学与工程—环境工程]