不同施肥处理对5年树龄不同澳洲坚果品种果实发育的影响  

The Effect of Prescription Fertilization on the Fruit Development ofDifferent Macadamia Nut Cultivars with 5-year Tree Age

作　　者：张金云 杨光 吴世军 阳桂芳 刘姚 宋杰 吴刚 ZHANG Jinyun;YANG Guang;WU Shijun;YANG Guifang;LIU Yao;SONG Jie;WU Gang(College of Horticulture and Food,Ecological engineering Vocational College,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广东生态工程职业学院园艺与食品学院,广州510520

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2024年第4期18-24,共7页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：乡村振兴战略省级财政专项资金(森林资源培育及管护、林业产业发展)《澳洲坚果产业标准体系规划与路线图及产品质量安全体系研究》(2019-01);国家重点研发计划资助项目《热带木本油料作物新品种培育及高效配套关键技术研究与示范》(2023YFD2200700);中央财政林业改革发展资金(林业科技推广示范补助)《澳洲坚果新品系丰产栽培示范》(2020GDTK05)。

摘　　要：为探究5年树龄澳洲坚果最优配方肥施肥量。试验以JW、OC、桂热1号和695等5年树龄结果树为研究对象,通过对花芽分化期、开花期、坐果期、果实膨大期和硬核期等不同果实发育期,施用配方肥,分析不同配方肥对不同品种5年树龄果实生理指标的影响。结果表明,配方肥T5处理组合配比,增产效果较好。在实际生产中,产量随着不同时期配方肥施用量的增加而增加,与施肥量呈正相关。合理科学施肥,澳洲坚果青果会变大,单果重明显提高,果形变得更加圆润,果皮会变薄,鲜种质量有增加,能促进澳洲坚果产量提升。To explores the optimal formula and application quantity of fertilizer for 5-year-old Australian macadamia trees,the experiment focuses on 5-year-old trees of varieties such as JW,OC,Gui Re 1,and 695.Different formula fertilizers are applied during various stages of fruit development,including flower bud differentiation,flowering,fruit setting,fruit enlargement,and hardening periods.The study analyzed the effects of different formula fertilizers on physiological indicators of 5-year-old macadamia fruits of different varieties.The results showed that the following fertilizer combinations better yield-increasing effects.In practical cultivation,the yield increases with the increase in the application quantity of formula fertilizers at different stages,showing a positive correlation with the amount of fertilization.Rational and scientific fertilization results in larger macadamia nuts,significantly higher single fruit weight,rounder fruit shape,thinner fruit skin,increased fresh seed quality,and promotes the overall increase in macadamia nut production.

关 键 词：配方肥 果实发育期 花芽分化期 果形指数 产量 

分 类 号：S664[农业科学—果树学]