平菇菌糠生物有机肥在绥玉23栽培中的应用  

Application of Oyster Mushroom Fungus Bran Bio-organic Fertilizer in‘Suiyu 23’Cultivation

作　　者：魏雅冬 贾森 张春艳 WEI Yadong;JIA Sen;ZHANG Chunyan(College of Agriculture and Hydraulic Engineering,Suihua University,Suihua,Heilongjiang 152061,China)

机构地区：[1]绥化学院农业与水利工程学院,黑龙江绥化152061

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第8期76-79,84,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费项目(YWK10236210243)。

摘　　要：以绥玉23玉米品种为试材,设置玉米专用复合肥(CK)、平菇菌糠生物有机肥与玉米专用复合肥1∶4(A)、1∶3(B)、1∶2(C)、1∶1(D)、1∶0(E)6个施肥处理,各处理分别重复3次,采取随机区组排列方式,通过对玉米植株的生长特性、不同生育时期的叶面积指数花后灌浆特性以及产量相关因素和产量的观测与分析,以期找出平菇菌糠生物有机肥与玉米专用复合肥的最佳配比。结果表明,处理C可增加绥玉23玉米植株的茎粗,降低倒伏倒折率和空秆率;提高了玉米的各生育时期的叶面积指数;增加了玉米花后灌浆的体积;穗粒数增幅较大,实际产量比施用玉米专用复合肥提高了6.76%;并且玉米籽粒蛋白质及游离氨基酸的含量有所增加,从而提升了玉米籽粒品质。由此可见,平菇菌糠发酵制备的生物有机肥在玉米栽培中有一定的应用价值,值得进一步推广。‘Suiyu 23’maize variety was selected as the material for this study,which involved six fertilization treatments:the maize special compound fertilizer(CK),oyster mushroom fungus bran bio-organic fertilizer combined with maize special compound fertilizer in ratios of 1∶4(A),1∶3(B),1∶2(C),1∶1(D),and 1∶0(E).Each treatment was repeated three times using random block arrangement.By observing and analyzing the growth characteristics of maize plants,leaf area index at different growth stages,post-flowering filling characteristics,yield-related factors,and overall yield,the optimal ratio of oyster mushroom bran bio-organic fertilizer to maize special compound fertilizer was determined.The results showed that treatment C increased the stem diameter of maize plants in the‘Suiyu 23’variety,reduced the lodging and folding ratio,and decreased the empty stalk ratio.The leaf area index of maize increased during each growing period,and the post-blossom grain filling volume also increased.The number of grains per ear increased significantly,leading to a 6.76% increase in actual yield compared to the application of maize special compound fertilizer alone.The content of protein and free amino acid in maize grain increased,which improved their quality.This study suggests that bio-organic fertilizer prepared from oyster mushroom bran fermentation has significant application value in maize cultivation and is worth further promotion.

关 键 词：平菇菌糠 生物有机肥 绥玉23 

分 类 号：S141.9[农业科学—肥料学]