不同钾肥对水肥一体化下烤烟碳氮代谢与钾吸收的影响  

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Potassium Absorption of Flue-cured Tobacco under Fertigation Conditions

作　　者：王明鑫[1] 邓兆龙 孔嘉欣 金维环 李俊营 郭红祥[2] WANG Mingxin;DENG Zhaolong;KONG Jiaxin;JIN Weihuan;LI Junying;GUO Hongxiang(Pingdingshan Branch of Henan Province Tobacco Company,Pingdingshan,Henan 463000,China;College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,河南平顶山467002 [2]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第8期85-90,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：平顶山市烟草公司科技项目(PYKJ202206)。

摘　　要：为解决平顶山烟区烤烟钾含量偏低的问题,以烤烟品种中烟100为材料,基于水肥一体化栽培管理,研究了不同钾肥对烤烟碳氮代谢与钾吸收的影响。结果表明:配合水肥一体化四次追施自制钾肥,以及施用缓释钾肥和生物钾肥都能提高烟株光合能力与碳氮代谢水平,促进烟株生长发育,促进效应依次是缓释钾肥>生物钾肥>自制钾肥。施用不同种类钾肥能够提高烟株体内SOD等保护酶的活性,增强烤烟抗性,这种促进效应的基本顺序是生物钾肥>缓释钾肥>自制钾肥。钾代谢相关基因表达分析表明,这三种钾肥的合理使用能够有效促进钾的吸收与转运、减少钾的外排,进而增加烟株中钾的储存。配合水肥一体化四次追施自制钾肥和施用缓释钾肥两个处理对中上部烟叶钾含量有明显的提升作用。To address the issue of low potassium content in flue-cured tobacco in the Pingdingshan tobacco-growing area,the effects of different potassium fertilizers on carbon and nitrogen metabolism,as well as potassium absorption of flue-cured tobacco('Zhongyan100',a prominent local variety),were investigated.The results showed that fertigation combined with four applications of prepared potassium fertilizer,slow-release potassium fertilizer,and biological potassium fertilizer improved photosynthetic capacity and carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants,thereby promoting their growth and development.The greatest promoting effect was observed with slow-release potassium fertilizer>biological potassium fertilizer>homemade potassium fertilizer.Furthermore,the application of different types of potassium fertilizers improved the activity of SOD and other protective enzymes in tobacco plants,enhancing the resistance of flue-cured tobacco.The order of promotional effects observed was biological potassium fertilizer>slow-release potassium fertilizer>homemade potassium fertilizer.Gene expression analysis related to potassium metabolism indicated that the rational use of these three types of potassium fertilizers effectively promoted potassium absorption and transport,reduced potassium efflux,and increased potassium storage in tobacco plants.In the two treatments,combining four applications of prepared potassium fertilizer with fertigation,and using slow-release potassium fertilizer,significantly increased potassium content in the middle and upper tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 钾肥 碳氮代谢 钾吸收 钾含量 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]