葡萄灰霉病分生孢子扩散及气象流行因子研究  

Study on Spread of Grape Gray Mold Spore Sac and Meteorological Epidemic Factors

作　　者：季晓莲 罗建让 JI Xiaolian;LUO Jianrang(Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Arts,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院生态环境工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学风景园林艺术学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第8期104-108,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：教育部第二批国家级职业教育教师教学创新团队课题研究项目(ZH2021040201);杨凌职业技术学院2021年科技创新项目(ZK21-73)。

摘　　要：为了解陕西关中渭北台塬地区葡萄灰霉病的发病规律及流行因子,于2022年5月至10月在渭北地区3个县区葡萄园,采取孢子捕捉仪和气象设备监测病菌分生孢子的发生动态及气候因子,并调查田间葡萄病情指数。结果表明,葡萄灰霉病分生孢子扩散动态呈先升高后降低趋势,高峰期出现在8月25日前后,病情指数动态变化呈“逻辑斯蒂模型”,高峰期在9月27日左右;日平均温度和日平均湿度是影响葡萄灰霉病分生孢子扩散的主要气象因子,日平均温度25℃左右、相对湿度达90%~95%时,分生孢子密度最大。分生孢子扩散高峰早于病情指数高峰约一个月,表明可通过监测灰霉病分生孢子扩散动态与气象因子,预测葡萄灰霉病的田间发生,为病害预报和防控提供理论依据。To understand the incidence pattern and epidemic factors of grape gray mold disease in the northern plateau area of the Weihe River in the Guanzhong region,Shaanxi,this study was conducted from May to October 2022.Utilizing spore capture instruments and meteorological monitoring,the study monitored vineyards across three counties along the Weihe River area to analyze the dynamics of pathogenic spore sacs and investigate the field disease index of grapevines.The diffusion dynamics of grape gray mold sporangia exhibited an initial increase followed by a decline,with a peak period occurring around August 25th.Meteorological analysis identified daily average temperature and humidity as primary factors influencing the diffusion of grape gray mold spores.Specifically,peak spore sac density occurred at approximately 25℃ with relative humidity ranging between 90% and 95%.Notably,the peak of sporangium diffusion preceded the peak disease index by approximately one month,underscoring the predictive potential of monitoring sporangium dynamics and meteorological conditions for grape gray mold occurrence.These findings provide a foundational basis for the prediction,prevention,and control strategies of grape gray mold disease.

关 键 词：葡萄灰霉病 分生孢子扩散 病情指数 气象因子 

分 类 号：S435.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]