修枝对杉木节子发育和无节材比例的影响  

Impact of pruning on knot development and knot⁃free timber ratio in Cunninghamia lanceolata wood

作　　者：陈明旭 吴雅琳 刘雨晖 李明[1,2] 吴鹏飞 马祥庆[1,2] CHEN Mingxu;WU Yalin;LIU Yuhui;LI Ming;WU Pengfei;MA Xiangqing(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Xinkou Experimental Forest Farm,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Sanming,Fujian 365002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]国家林业草原杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]福建农林大学莘口教学林场,福建三明365002

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第5期449-456,共8页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发课题“杉木大径级无节良材培育技术”(2021YFD2201302)。

摘　　要：为揭示修枝对杉木木材节子发育和无节材比例的影响规律,以9年生杉木人工林为研究对象,采用随机区组设计,设置修枝和不修枝试验处理,在修枝9 a后进行修枝对杉木木材节子发育和无节材比例的影响研究。采用平均标准木法砍伐修枝和不修枝杉木标准木各9株,分别采用锯板法、旋切法和横纵剖结合法进行修枝和不修枝杉木标准木加工处理和各指标测定,分析修枝与不修枝的杉木木材节子发育和无节材比例的差异。结果表明:修枝能显著减少杉木木材节子的体积,采用锯板法和旋切法测定的修枝杉木节子体积分别比不修枝减少48.70%和34.44%。修枝对杉木不同高度木段节子体积的影响存在差异,其中修枝对0~2 m木段节子体积影响最大。修枝能显著提高杉木人工林木材的无节材比例,采用锯板法和旋切法测定的修枝杉木无节材比例分别比不修枝杉木提高0.23%和0.26%。采用不同方法进行杉木修枝效果指标的测定存在较大差异,其中,锯板法测定操作相对方便,是可供生产上应用的表征人工林修枝效果较好的方法。This study investigates the influence of pruning on knot development and knot⁃free timber ratio in Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata).A 9⁃year⁃old Chinese fir plantation served as the research site,employing a randomized block design to establish pruning and non⁃pruning test treatments.Over nine years,the effects of pruning on knot development and knot⁃free timber ratio were examined.Standard wood methods were applied to sample nine Chinese fir trees subject to pruning and nine without pruning.Various techniques including sawing board,rotary cutting,and transverse and longitudinal section methods were employed to process the samples,with subsequent measurement of relevant indices.Analysis was conducted to ascertain differences in knot development and knot⁃free timber ratio between pruned and non⁃pruned trees.Results indicate a significant reduction in knot volume following pruning,with pruned Chinese fir demonstrating 48.70%and 34.44%lower knot volumes compared to non⁃pruned counterparts using the sawing board and rotary cutting methods,respectively.Furthermore,the impact of pruning on knot volume varied across different height sections,with the 0-2 m section experiencing the greatest reduction.Pruning also resulted in a notable increase in knot⁃free timber ratio within Chinese fir plantations,with pruned trees exhibiting 0.23%and 0.26%higher ratios compared to non⁃pruned trees using the sawing board and rotary cutting methods,respectively.Variations were observed in the determination of pruning effect indices using different methods,with the sawing board method emerging as a practical and effective approach for characterizing pruning effects in plantation settings.

关 键 词：杉木 节子 修枝 无节材 锯板法 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]