气候对天山中部不同海拔天山云杉径向生长的影响  

Response of radial growth of Picea schrenkiana var.tianschanica to climate change at different elevations in central Tianshan

作　　者：王强[1] 叶尔江·拜克吐尔汉 徐栋 陈浩 WANG Qiang;BAIKETUERHAN Ye’erjiang;XU Dong;CHEN Hao(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industrial Technology in the Arid Areas of Xinjiang,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第5期530-538,共9页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：中央财政林业改革发展资金“基于大样地的天山云杉林生物多样性空间规律及植被生态过程”(新林规字〔2022〕9号)。

摘　　要：为研究气候因子对天山中部不同海拔天山云杉(Picea schrenkiana var.tianschanica)径向生长的影响,在天山中部新疆农业大学实习林场内设置低、中、高3个海拔梯度(1900、2200、2500 m)进行年轮样芯取样,利用树木年轮学方法,选用1955—2022年研究区温度、降水、标准化降水蒸散发指数、帕默尔干旱指数等气象数据,与所测年轮数据进行分析。结果表明:低海拔天山云杉年轮宽度与前一年6月和当年6—8月温度、前一年8月降水以及当年6—9月帕默尔干旱指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。中海拔天山云杉年轮宽度与前一年6月温度、8月降水以及前一年6—8月标准化降水蒸散发指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。高海拔天山云杉年轮宽度与当年1月温度、前一年11月至当年3月标准化降水蒸散发指数呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与当年6—7月降水呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。因此,在林区内,天山云杉生长与环境的干湿状况随海拔变化存在密切的关系。降水是促进低海拔天山云杉径向生长的关键因素,温度和降水共同作用中海拔天山云杉生长,温度对高海拔天山云杉径向生长的影响高于降水。This study investigated the effects of climatic factors on radial growth of Picea schrenkiana var.tianschanica at various altitudes in Central Tianshan Mountains.Tree⁃ring core samples were collected at three altitudinal levels(1900,2200,2500 m)within the practice forest of Xinjiang Agricultural University.Dendrochronological techniques,including temperature,precipitation,the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index,and the Palmer drought severity index,were employed to analyze meteorological data from 1955 to 2022.The results indicate that at low altitudes,tree⁃ring width is positively correlated with previous June and current June⁃August temperatures,previous August precipitation,and the current June⁃September Palmer drought severity index(P<0.05).At mid⁃altitudes,tree ring width was positively correlated with the previous June temperature,August precipitation,and previous June⁃August standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(P<0.05).At high altitudes,tree⁃ring width was negatively correlated with the current January temperature and previous November to the current March standardized precipitation evapotranspi⁃ration index(P<0.05),but positively correlated with the current June⁃July precipitation(P<0.05).Therefore,in the forest,P.schrenkiana var.tianschanica growth is closely linked to the environmental moisture conditions,which vary with altitude.Precipi⁃tation is pivotal for radial growth of P.schrenkiana var.tianschanica at low altitudes,whereas temperature and precipitation jointly affected growth at mid⁃altitudes,with temperature exerting a greater impact than precipitation on radial growth at higher altitudes.

关 键 词：天山云杉 树木年轮学 年轮宽度 径向生长 气候因子 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种]