急诊血培养病原菌分布特点及耐药性分析  

Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogens in Blood Culture in Emergency De⁃partment

作　　者：袁慧琼 曾国琼 吴燕妮 顾杨 余涛[1] 李莉[1] YUANG Hui-qiong;ZENG Guo-qiong;WU Yan-ni;GU Yang;YU Tao;LI Li(Depatrment of Emergency,the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510120)

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院急诊科,510120

出　　处：《岭南急诊医学杂志》2024年第4期328-332,共5页Lingnan Journal of Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：目的:分析我院急诊科血培养病原菌分布和药敏结果,指导急诊科医师合理的使用抗生素。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月1日至2023年12月31日中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院的急诊科血培养阳性病原菌分布和药敏结果。结果:血培养分离率前5位为大肠埃希菌(32.75%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(12.89%)、人葡萄球菌(7.32%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(7.32%)、表皮葡萄球菌(5.05%)。金黄色葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、头状葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌均对青霉素G耐药率高。肺炎克雷伯菌是对替卡西林/克拉维酸、氨曲南、妥布霉素、环丙沙星以及多西环素耐药率高。奇异变形杆菌对米诺环素耐药率高。阴沟肠杆菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢西丁耐药率高。结论:在我院急诊科血培养分离的病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,大肠埃希菌为最主要的分离菌;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、奇异变形杆菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类敏感。Objective:To analyze the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogens in blood culture in emergency department,and to guide rational drug use of antibiotics in emergency department.Methods:The distribution and drug sensitivity results of blood culture positive pathogens in emergency department of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 1,2021 to December 31,2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The top five bacteria were Escherichia coli(32.75%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.89%),Staphylococcus hominis(7.32%),Staphylococcus aureus(7.32%),and Staphylococcus epidermidis(5.05%).Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus hominis,Staphylococcus epidermi-dis,Staphylococcus capitis,and Staphylococcus haemolyticus all had high resistance rates to penicillin G.Klebsiella pneumoniae had high resistance rates to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid,aztreonam,tobramycin,ciprofloxacin,and doxycy-cline.Proteus mirabilis had high resistance rates to minocycline.Enterobacter cloacae had high resistance rates to amoxi-cillin/clavulanic acid and cefoxitin.Conclusion:The pathogenic bacteria isolated from blood culture in the emergency department of our hospital are mainly Gram negative bacteria,with Escherichia coli being the main isolated bacteria;Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Proteus mirabilis,and Acinetobacter baumannii are sensitive to carbapenems.

关 键 词：血培养 病原菌 耐药 血流感染 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]