环境温差对中型体育馆自然通风环境的影响  

The impact of ambient temperature difference in subtropical regions on the natural ventilation environment of medium-sized gymnasium

作　　者：梁胜[1,2] 刘骁 LIANG Sheng;LIU Xiao

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室 [2]华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 [3]华南理工大学建筑学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52108011);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2024A1515012129,2023A1515011137);广东省哲学社会科学规划2022年度项目(GD22XGL02);广州市科技计划项目(2024A04J9930);亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室自主研究课题(2024ZB06);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2024ZYGXZR048)。

摘　　要：温度分层是大空间建筑的一个普遍存在的现象,近年全尺寸测量的相关研究已经验证了这一现象,并逐渐引起关注。相关研究表明体育馆室内温度与自然通风环境的变化可能是复杂且敏感的,因此以混合通风的视角切入到后续研究当中很有必要。为探讨亚热带地区环境温差对于体育馆自然通风的潜在影响,文中选取了亚热带地区两个中型体育馆作为研究对象,采用全尺寸测量方法,在夏、秋过渡季节对其室内外空气温度与自然风速进行了监测与分析,并运用计算流体力学(CFD)的数值模拟方法评估并还原了环境温差对于亚热带地区中型体育馆自然通风环境的影响。研究结果表明:负温差环境下的运动区域进口气流风速更高,室外新鲜空气能集中在大空间底部,提高运动区域的换气效率,通风环境显著优于正温差环境;较低的室外空气温度更有利于创造体育馆内部良好的自然通风环境,而对进风口气流进行预冷可能是改善体育馆被占用区域热舒适度的有效途径。本研究运用实测数据对数值模拟结果进行了误差分析,证明模拟方法能有效地解释亚热带地区中型体育馆自然通风环境的温度敏感性,并有效反映了室内大空间复杂的自然通风现象,为未来的相关研究提供基础条件。Thermal stratification is a common phenomenon in large space buildings,which has been validated in research related to full-scale measurement and has gradually attracted attention in recent years.This also indicates that the changes in indoor temperature and natural ventilation environment in gymnasiums may be complex and sensitive.The research background and survey data show that the ambient temperature difference of gymnasiums in the subtropical region alternates between positive and negative,an important reason for the instability of natural ventilation efficiency and indoor airflow.The ventilation mechanism of a naturally ventilated gymnasium is diverse.From the perspective of wind pressure ventilation,the horizontal openings’combination mode on the windward and leeward sides can effectively utilize the wind pressure difference environment.In contrast,from the perspective of thermal pressure ventilation,the vertical openings’combination mode that emphasizes the relative height of the inlet and outlet can produce a chimney effect in the large space environment,thus improving the natural ventilation efficiency.In current research,it is necessary to approach related research from the perspective of mixed ventilation driven by wind and buoyancy.To explore the potential impact of ambient temperature difference in subtropical regions on natural ventilation in medium-sized gymnasiums,the coupling mechanism is established in this work,considering the synergy of wind pressure and thermal buoyancy for a natural ventilation environment.Two medium-sized gymnasiums in subtropical regions as the full-scale measurement objects are selected.The influence of thermal boundary conditions on the natural ventilation environment of medium-sized gymnasiums in subtropical regions is evaluated by monitoring the indoor and outdoor temperature and wind velocity in the transition season and using the numerical simulation method of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD).A comprehensive investigation is conducted on the coupling effect of

关 键 词：亚热带地区 中型体育馆 自然通风 环境温差 CFD 绿色建筑 

分 类 号：TU834.1[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]