激光增材制造相变诱导型高熵合金的研究进展  

Review on Laser Additive Manufacturing of Transformation-induced High-entropy Alloys

作　　者：田春茂 曹裕栋 欧阳迪[1,2] 周文琰 蔡超 史玉升[1] TIAN Chunmao;CAO Yudong;OUYANG Di;ZHOU Wenyan;CAI Chao;SHI Yusheng(State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China;Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Equipment,Beijing 100584,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]香港理工大学工业及系统工程系,中国香港999077 [3]北京遥感设备研究所,北京100584

出　　处：《铸造技术》2024年第8期711-725,共15页Foundry Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52375335)。

摘　　要：高熵合金是以4种及以上元素为主元的合金,热力学上存在高熵效应,动力学上呈现迟滞扩散效应,晶体学上表现为晶格畸变效应,使用时展现出鸡尾酒效应,具有良好的力学性能和耐腐蚀性。相变诱导塑性高熵合金通过在变形过程中发生马氏体相变,延迟了裂纹的产生,同时提高了金属的加工硬化率,解决了塑性-强度难题,具有极大的研究潜力和应用前景。铸造高熵合金存在偏析严重、晶粒粗大等缺陷,成形样品力学性能差。增材制造具有局部熔池快速凝固的特点,成形的高熵合金成分均匀、晶粒细小,力学性能远高于铸件。本文阐述了增材制造成形相变诱导塑性高熵合金的显微组织、力学性能、组织演变、耐蚀性等方面的研究进展,并展望了未来的研究方向。High-entropy alloys(HEAs)consist of four or more principal elements and exhibit a high-entropy effect thermodynamically,sluggish diffusion effect kinetically,a lattice distortion effect crystallographically,and a cocktail effect in usage,which results in excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP)HEAs undergo a martensitic transformation during deformation,which delays crack initiation and increases the work-hardening rate of the metal,addressing the plasticity-strength dilemma.This makes them highly promising for research and application.Cast HEAs often suffer from severe segregation and coarse grain defects,leading to poor mechanical properties in the formed samples.Additive manufacturing,characterized by rapid solidification in the local molten pool,produces HEAs with uniform compositions and fine grains,resulting in mechanical properties that are far superior to those of cast parts.This paper discusses the research progress on the microstructure,mechanical properties,microstructural evolution,and corrosion resistance of TRIP HEAs formed by additive manufacturing and anticipates future research directions.

关 键 词：增材制造 高熵合金 应力诱导相变 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG27[金属学及工艺—铸造]