遮阴对皂荚幼苗生长和生化特性的影响  

Effects of shading on growth and biochemical characteristics of Gleditsia sinensis seedlings

作　　者：肖美 吕元亚 秦川 丁波 向欢 余静 XIAO Mei;LYU Yuanya;QIN Chuan;DING Bo;XIANG Huan;YU Jing(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;School of Biological Sciences,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou;Key Laboratory of Ecology and Management on Forest Fire in HigherInstitutions of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范学院,生物科学学院,贵阳550018 [3]贵州省高等学校林火生态与管理重点实验室,贵阳550018

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第8期73-83,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：贵州省特色林业科研项目(特林研2020-23);贵州省高等学校林火生态与管理重点实验室(黔教技[2022]051);贵州师范学院博士项目(2021BS012)共同资助。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨不同遮阴对皂荚幼苗生长及生理响应机制,以期为皂荚优质种苗的培育提供理论基础。【方法】以半年生盆栽皂荚幼苗为材料,设置全光照(S0)、30%遮阴率(S1)、60%遮阴率(S2)、90%遮阴率(S3)4个处理,测定和分析遮阴处理后幼苗苗高、地径、新梢长度、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、可溶性糖SS、脯氨酸Pro、丙二醛MDA、超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化氢酶CAT和过氧化物酶POD的变化。【结果】1)不同遮阴环境下皂荚幼苗的苗高、地径、新梢长度等增长量差异显著,S0处理下皂荚幼苗高径比最小,苗木相对健壮,S3处理下最大,苗木相对纤细;2)叶绿素含量随遮阴程度的增加而增加,叶绿素a/b Chla/b无明显变化趋势,最大光化学效率Fv/Fm值大于0.75,皂荚幼苗在遮阴处理下未受到光抑制;3)SS含量随着遮阴程度的增加而增加,S0组Pro的含量随遮阴胁迫时间的增加急速降低,6月S0的Pro含量分别是7月、8月的1.45、3.83倍,各遮阴处理组呈先降低后升高趋势,8月的S1、S2、S3分别较6月增高了17.81%、58.35%、77.15%;4)遮阴处理时MDA含量总体低于S0,POD活性变化与MDA相反,SOD、CAT活性随胁迫时间的延长呈先降低后增加的趋势。5)模糊隶属函数法综合评价的S0、S1、S2和S3隶属度均值分别为0.0836、0.4103、0.7064和0.7259,S2(60%遮阴度)与S3(90%遮阴度)处理下皂荚幼苗的隶属度均值均较高,表明该处理下苗木综合生长状况最佳。【结论】皂荚幼苗通过调节自身的生长特性、光合色素、荧光参数、渗透调节物质以及抗氧化酶系统减轻遮阴胁迫下的伤害,维持细胞正常的生长发育,综合评价表明S2与S3遮阴条件下皂荚幼苗的苗木质量最好,皂荚苗期培育遮阴60%~90%较好。【Objective】The objective of this study is to investigate the response mechanism of different shades to the growth and physiological response of Gleditsia sinensis seedlings,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-quality G.sinensis seedlings.【Method】Half-year-old potted G.sinensis seedlings were used as materials,and four treatments were set up:full light(S0),30%shading rate(S1),60%shading rate(S2)and 90%shading rate(S3),and the changes of seedling height,ground diameter,new length,chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,soluble sugar SS,proline Pro,malondialdehyde MDA,superoxide dismutase SOD,catalase CAT and peroxidase POD were measured and analyzed.【Result】1)There were significant differences in the growth of seedling height,ground diameter and new length of G.sinensis seedlings under different shading environments,and the height and diameter ratio of G.sinensis seedlings was the smallest under S0 treatment,and the seedlings were relatively robust,and the seedlings were the largest under S3 treatment,and the seedlings were relatively slender;2)The chlorophyll content increased with the increase of shading degree,chlorophyll a/b Chla/b had no obvious change trend,the maximum photochemical efficiency Fv/Fm value was greater than 0.75,and the G.sinensis seedlings were not photo-inhibited under shading treatment;3)The SS content increased with the increase of shading degree,and the content of Pro in the S0 group decreased rapidly with the increase of shading stress time,and the Pro content of S0 in June was 1.45 times and 3.83 times that in July and August,respectively,and the shading treatment group showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.S1,S2 and S3 in August increased by 17.81%,58.35%and 77.15%respectively compared with those in June;4)The content of MDA was generally lower than S0 in shading treatment,and the changes of POD activity were opposite to that of MDA,and the activities of SOD and CAT decreased first and then increased with the e

关 键 词：皂荚 遮阴强度 生长性状 光合特性 生理生化 

分 类 号：S73[农业科学—林学]